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Units of Measure
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Terms by IUPAC Div.
Version 3.0.1 (6463 Terms)
DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
Jan Kaiser - Content Editor
Stuart Chalk - Technical Editor
Joint Subcommittee
on the IUPAC Gold Book
Gold Book Terms (2204) from the Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division (III)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
'A' value
A-factor
ab initio
quantum mechanical methods
absolute configuration
absorbed (spectral) photon flux density
absorbed (spectral) radiant power density
absorption
absorptivity
abstraction
ac
acceptor number
acenes
acetals
acetogenins
acetonides
acetylenes
acetylides
achiral
aci
-nitro compounds
acid
acid anhydrides
acid thioanhydrides
acidity
acidity function
actinic
actinism
actinometer
action spectrum
activated complex
acyl anions
acyl carbenes
acyl cations
acyl groups
acyl halides
acyl radicals
acyl shift (1,2-, 1,3-, photochemical)
acyl species
acylals
acylium ions
acyloins
acyloxyl radicals
addend
addition
addition reaction
additivity principle
adduct
adiabatic electron transfer
adiabatic photoreaction
ADMR
aglycon
agostic
agostic interaction
alcoholates
alcohols
alcoholysis
aldaric acids
aldazines
aldehydes
aldimines
alditols
aldoketoses
aldonic acids
aldoses
aldoximes
alicyclic compounds
aliphatic compounds
alkaloids
alkanes
alkanium ions
alkene photocycloaddition
alkene photodimerization
alkene photoisomerization
alkene photorearrangement
alkenes
alkoxides
alkoxyamines
alkyl groups
alkyl radicals
alkylenes
alkylidene groups
alkylideneamino carbenes
alkylideneaminoxyl radicals
alkylideneaminyl radicals
alkylidenes
alkylidynes
alkynes
allenes
allylic groups
allylic intermediates
allylic substitution reaction
alternancy symmetry
alternant
AM 0 sunlight
AM 1 sunlight
amalgam lamp
ambident
ambo
amic acids
amide hydrazones
amide oximes
amides
amidines
amidium ions
amidrazones
aminals
amine imides
amine imines
amine oxides
amine ylides
amines
aminimides
aminium ions
aminiumyl radical ions
amino radicals
amino sugars
aminonitrenes
aminooxyl radicals
aminoxides
aminoxyl radicals
aminyl oxides
aminyl radicals
aminylenes
aminylium ions
ammonium compounds
ammonium imines
ammonium ylides
ammoniumyl radical ions
amphiphilic
amphiprotic (solvent)
ampholytes
amphoteric
anchimeric assistance
angle strain
angular overlap model
anhydrides
anhydro bases
anilides
anils
anion radical
anionotropic rearrangement
anisometric
annelation
annihilation
annulation
annulenes
annulenylidenes
anomeric effect
anomers
ansa compounds
antarafacial
anthocyanidins
anthocyanins
anti
anti-Hammond effect
anti-Markownikoff addition
anti-Stokes shift
antiaromatic compounds
antiaromaticity
antibonding molecular orbital
antimony–xenon lamp (arc)
antiperiplanar
antipodes
antisymmetry principle
ap
apical (basal, equatorial)
apicophilicity
apparent (quantity)
apparent lifetime
aprotic (solvent)
aquation
arene epoxides
arene oxides
arenes
arenium ions
arenols
arenonium ions
argon ion laser
aromatic
aromatic photocycloaddition
aromaticity
Arrhenius equation
arsanes
arsanylidenes
arsanylium ions
arsenides
arsine oxides
arsines
arsinic acids
arsinidenes
arsinous acids
arsonic acids
arsonium compounds
arsonous acids
arsoranes
aryl cations
aryl groups
arylene groups
aryne
association
asymmetric
asymmetric carbon atom
asymmetric centre
asymmetric destruction
asymmetric induction
asymmetric photochemistry
asymmetric synthesis
asymmetric transformation
atom-atom polarizability
atom-bond polarizability
atomic charge
atomic orbital
atomic units
atropisomers
attachment
attenuance filter
aufbau principle
autocatalytic reaction
automerization
autoprotolysis
autoprotolysis constant
auxochrome
avoided crossing
axial (equatorial)
axial chirality
axis of chirality
axis of helicity
aza-di-π-methane rearrangement
azacarbenes
azamines
azanes
azenes
azides
azimines
azines
azinic acids
azlactones
azo compounds
azo imides
azo ylides
azomethine imides
azomethine oxides
azomethine ylides
azomethines
azonic acids
azoxy compounds
azylenes
α (alpha), β (beta)
α-addition
α-cleavage
α-effect
α-elimination
α-oxo carbenes
π-adduct
σ-adduct
back donation
back electron transfer
Baeyer strain
Baldwin's rules
bandgap energy
bandpass filter
barbiturates
Barton reaction
base
base quantity
base unit
basicity
basicity function
basis function
basis set
bathochromic shift (effect)
Beer–Lambert law
Bell–Evans–Polanyi principle
Bent's rule
benzenium ions
benzenonium ions
benzylic groups
benzylic intermediates
benzynes
Berry pseudorotation
betaines
betweenanenes
bicycle rearrangement
bicycle-pedal (BP) mechanism
bifunctional catalysis
bimolecular
binding energy
binding site
bioluminescence
biphotonic excitation
biphotonic process
bipolarons
biradical
bisecting conformation
bismuthanes
bismuthines
bisphenols
bleaching
blue shift
boat
Bodenstein approximation
bond
bond dissociation
bond energy
bond energy
bond length
bond migration
bond number
bond opposition strain
bond orbital
bond order
bond-dissociation energy
bond-dissociation energy
bonding molecular orbital
boranes
boranylidenes
borderline mechanism
borenes
borinic acids
Born–Oppenheimer (BO) approximation
boronic acids
borylenes
bowsprit (flagpole)
branching plane
Bredt's rule
Brewster angle
bridged carbocation
bridging ligand
brightness
brightness
bromohydrins
Brønsted acid
Brønsted base
Brønsted relation
Bunnett–Olsen equations
Bunte salts
β (beta)
π-bond
σ-bond
C. I. P. system
cadium–helium laser
cage
cage compound
Cahn–Ingold–Prelog system
calixarenes
canonical form
captodative effect
carbaboranes
carbamates
carbanion
carbena
carbene analogues
carbene metal complexes
carbene radical anions
carbene radical cations
carbenes
carbenium centre
carbenium ion
carbenoids
carbinolamines
carbinols
carbinyl cations
carbocation
carbocyclic compounds
carbodiimides
carbohydrates
carbon dioxide laser
carbonitriles
carbonium ion
carbonyl compounds
carbonyl imides
carbonyl imines
carbonyl oxides
carbonyl ylides
carboranes
carboxamides
carboxamidines
carboxylic acids
carbylamines
carbyne metal complexes
carbynes
carbynium ions
carotenes
carotenoids
carrier atom
catalysis
catalysis law
catalytic coefficient
catecholamines
catenanes
cationotropic rearrangement
cationotropy
cavitands
cavity dumping
centre of chirality
cephalins
cephalosporins
cephams
cephems
chain reaction
chain transfer
chain-termination reaction
chair–chair interconversion
chair, boat, twist
chalcones
charge hopping
charge population
charge recombination
charge separation
charge shift
charge-transfer transition to solvent
charge-transfer (CT) state
charge-transfer (CT) transition
charge-transfer complex
chelate
chelation
cheletropic reaction
chelotropic reaction
chemical bond
chemical decomposition
chemical equilibrium
chemical flux
chemical laser
chemical reaction
chemical relaxation
chemical species
chemically induced dynamic electron polarization
chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization
chemically initiated electron exchange luminescence
chemiexcitation
chemiflux
chemiluminescence
chemoselectivity (chemoselective)
chemospecificity
chiral
chirality
chirality axis
chirality centre
chirality element
chirality plane
chirality sense
chiroptic/chiroptical
chirotopic
chloramines
chlorocarbons
chlorohydrins
chloronium ions
chromophore
Chemically Induced Dynamic Electron Polarization
Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
Chemically Initiated Electron Exchange Luminescence
cine-substitution
CIP priority
cis
-
trans
isomers
cis
,
trans
cisoid conformation
class (a) metal ion
class (b) metal ion
clathrates
clinal
closed shell molecular systems
cobalamines
coherent radiation
colligation
collision complex
color scale
colourability
common-ion effect (on rates)
compensation effect
compensation
complementary binding sites
complete active space self-consistent field
complete active space self-consistent field second-order perturbation theory
complex
composite reaction
comproportionation
computational photochemistry
concentration depolarization
concerted process
concerted reaction
condensation reaction
conduction band
configuration (electronic)
configuration (stereochemical)
configuration interaction
conformation
conformational analysis
conformer
conglomerate
conical intersection
conjugate acid–base pair
conjugated system
conjugation
conjugative mechanism
connectivity
conservation of orbital symmetry
constitution
constitutional isomerism
contact ion pair
continuous wave (CW) laser
contributing structure
conversion cross-section
conversion spectrum
coordinate covalence
coordinate link
coordination
coordination number
coordinatively saturated complex
coordinatively unsaturated complex
copper vapour laser
core atom
coronands
correlation analysis
correlation diagram
correlation energy
corrinoids (cobalamines, corphyrins, corrins, vitamin B12 compounds)
Coulomb repulsion
coumarins
coupled cluster (CC) method
coupling constant (spin-spin)
covalent bond
Cox–Yates equation
cresols
critical micelle concentration
critical quenching radius
cross-conjugation
crown
crown conformation
cryptand
cryptate
crystal field
crystal field splitting
crystal photochemistry
CT
cumulenes
current yield
Curtin–Hammett principle
curve-crossing model
cut-off filter
cut-on filter
CW
cyanates
cyanides
cyanine dyes
cyanohydrins
cybotactic region
cyclic acid anhydrides
cyclitols
cyclization
cyclo-
cycloaddition
cycloalkanes
cycloalkyl groups
cyclodextrins
cycloelimination
cyclohexadienyl cations
cyclophanes
cycloreversion
cyclosilazanes
cyclosiloxanes
σ-constant
d
,
l
,
dl
d, l, dl
dark photochemistry (photochemistry without light)
DAS
dative bond
Dauben–Salem–Turro rules
Davydov splitting
de Mayo reaction
de-electronation
deactivation
DEDMR
degenerate chemical reaction
degenerate orbitals
degenerate rearrangement
dehydroarenes
dehydrobenzenes
delayed luminescence
delocalization
delocalization energy
delocalization
depsides
depsipeptides
depth of penetration
deracemization
desymmetrization
desymmetrization step
detachment
detailed balancing (principle of)
deuteriation
deuteride
deuterio
deuterium
deuteron
Dexter excitation transfer
dextrans
dextrins
DFDMR
di-π-methane rearrangement
di-π-silane rearrangement
diabatic electron transfer
diabatic photoreaction
diacylamines
diamagnetic
diamidides
dianions
diastereoisomer excess
diastereoisomerism
diastereoisomerization
diastereomeric ratio
diastereomers
diastereomorphism
diastereotopic
diazanylidenes
diazenyl radicals
diazo compounds
diazoamino compounds
diazoates
diazonium salts
diazooxides
diazotates
dicarbenium ions
dichroic filter
dichroic mirror
dichroism
dienes
dienophile
diffusion-controlled rate
dihedral angle
dimerization
Dimroth–Reichardt
E
T
parameter
diols
diosphenols
dipolar aprotic solvent
dipolar bond
dipolar compounds
dipolar cycloaddition
dipolar ions
dipolar mechanism
dipole-induced dipole forces
dipole–dipole interaction
dipyrrins
dipyrromethenes
diradicaloid
diradicals
disaccharides
dismutation
dispersion forces
disproportionation
disrotatory
dissociation
dissymmetry
distonic radical cation
diterpenoids
dithioacetals
donor number (DN)
dose
doublet state
downconversion
downfield
driving force (affinity) of a reaction
driving force (for electron transfer)
Drude–Nernst equation (for electrostriction)
dual fluorescence
dual substituent-parameter equation
dual-mode photochromism
dye laser
dynamic quenching
dynamic reaction path
dyotropic rearrangement
dypnones
Δ (delta), Λ (lambda)
E
,
Z
E
/
Z
photoisomerization
eclipsed (eclipsing)
eclipsing conformation
eclipsing strain
educt
effective charge
effective molarity
effectiveness
efficiency spectrum
efficiency
eighteen-electron rule
einstein
El-Sayed rules
electrochemiluminescence
electrochromic effect
electrocyclic reaction
electrofuge
electrogenerated chemiluminescence
electroluminescence
electromeric effect
electron acceptor
electron affinity
electron attachment
electron back-transfer
electron correlation
electron density
electron density function
electron detachment
electron donor
electron exchange excitation transfer
electron transfer
electron transfer photosensitization
electron-counting rules
electron-deficient bond
electron-deficient compounds
electron-donor-acceptor complex
electron-pair acceptor
electron-pair donor
electron-transfer catalysis
electronation
electronegativity
electroneutrality principle
electronic chemical potential
electronic effect of substituents: symbols and signs
electronic energy migration (or hopping)
electronic stability
electronic state
electronically excited state
electrophile
electrophilicity
electrophotography
electrostriction
element effect
element of chirality
elementary reaction
elimination
emission
emission anisotropy
emission spectrum
emittance
enamines
enantioconvergence
enantioenriched
enantiomer
enantiomer excess
enantiomeric purity
enantiomeric ratio
enantiomerically enriched
enantiomerically pure
enantiomerism
enantiomerization
enantiomorph
enantiopure
enantioselectivity
enantiotopic
encounter complex
encounter pair
encounter-controlled rate
endo
,
exo
,
syn
,
anti
ene reaction
energy gradient
energy hypersurface
energy migration
energy of activation
energy pooling
energy profile
energy storage efficiency
energy transfer
energy transfer plot
enforced concerted mechanism
enhancer
enolates
enols
enophile
enoses
ent
entering group
enthalpy of activation
entrainment
entropy of activation
envelope conformation
epihalohydrins
epimerization
epimers
episulfonium ions
epoxides
epoxy compounds
equalization of electronegativity, principle of
equatorial
equilibrium control
equilibrium geometry
equilibrium isotope effect
erythro
,
threo
ESCA
esters
ET-value
ethers
excess acidity
exchange integral
exchange repulsion
excimer
excimer lamp
excimer laser
exciplex
excitation spectrum
excitation transfer
excited state
exciton
exitance
exposure
extended Hammett equation
extended Hückel MO method
extensive quantity
external compensation
external heavy atom effect
external ion return
external ion-pair return
external return
exterplex
extinction
extinction coefficient
extrusion transformation
α-expulsion
π-electron acceptor/donor group
ρ
σ-equation
f
number
factor-group splitting
fast-atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectroscopy
fatigue
fatty acids
fenestranes
Fermi level
ferrocenophanes
fiducial group
field effect
Fischer projection
Fischer–Rosanoff convention
Fischer–Tollens projection
flagpole
flash photolysis
flash vacuum pyrolysis
flavins
flavonoids (isoflavonoids and neoflavonoids)
flavoproteins
fluence rate
fluoresceins
fluorescence lifetime
fluorescence resonance energy transfer
fluorocarbons
fluorogenic
fluorohydrins
fluorophore
fluxional
formamidine disulfides
formazans
Förster cycle
Förster excitation transfer
Förster-resonance-energy transfer
Fourier transform spectrometer
Fourier-transform spectroscopy
fragmentation
Franck–Condon principle
Franck–Condon state
free electron laser
free radical
free rotation
free-running laser
frequency doubling
frequency-domain fluorometry
frequency
FRET
frontier orbitals
fulgides
fullerenes
fulminates
fulvalenes
fulvenes
functional group
furanocoumarins
furanoses
furocoumarins
FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum)
gas-phase acidity
gas-phase basicity
gated photochromism
gauche
gauche effect
Gaussian band shape
geminate ion pair
geminate pair
geminate recombination
general acid catalysis
general base catalysis
geometric isomerism
germylenes
germylidenes
Gibbs energy diagram
Gibbs energy of activation
Gibbs energy of photoinduced electron transfer
Gibbs energy profile
global analysis
glycals
glycans
glycaric acids
glycerides
glycitols
glycoconjugate
glycolipids
glycols
glyconic acids
glycopeptides
glycosamines
glycoses
glycosides
glycosyl group
glycosylamines
glycuronic acids
Grignard reagents
ground state
group
group electronegativity
Grunwald–Winstein equation
guest
haem
half life
half-chair
half-life
half-life
half-width
halirenium ions
halochromism
haloforms
halohydrins
halonium ions
Hammett equation
Hammond principle
Hammond–Herkstroeter plot
handedness
Hansch constant
hard acid
hard base
harmonic approximation
harmonic frequency generation
harpoon mechanism
heat capacity of activation
heavy atom effect
heavy atom isotope effect
helicenes
helicity
heliochromism
helium–cadmium laser
helium–neon laser
hemes (heme derivatives)
hemiacetals
hemiaminals
hemiketals
hemileptic
hemins
hemochromes
hemoglobins
Henderson–Hasselbalch equation
Herkstroeter plot
Herz compounds
hetarenes
hetaryl groups
hetarynes
heteroalkenes
heteroarenes
heteroaryl groups
heteroarynes
heterobimetallic complex
heteroconjugation
heterocumulenes
heterocyclic compounds
heterocyclyl groups
heteroexcimer
heteroleptic
heterolysis
heterolytic bond-dissociation energy
heterotopic
heterovalent hyperconjugation
hidden return
high-pressure mercury lamp (arc)
Hildebrand parameter
hindered rotation
Hofmann rule
hole burning
hole transfer
homoaromatic
homochiral
homoconjugation
homocyclic compounds
homodesmotic reaction
homoleptic
homolysis
homomorphic
homotopic
hot ground state reaction
hot quartz lamp
hot state reaction
Hückel (4
n
+ 2) rule
Hückel molecular orbital (HMO) theory
hula-twist (HT) mechanism
Hund rules
Hush model
hybrid orbital
hydration
hydrazides
hydrazidines
hydrazines
hydrazinylidenes
hydrazo compounds
hydrazones
hydrazonic acids
hydrocarbons
hydrocarbyl groups
hydrocarbylene groups
hydrocarbylidene groups
hydrocarbylidyne groups
hydrocarbylsulfanyl nitrenes
hydrogen
hydrogen bond
hydrogen bond
hydrolysis
hydron
hydroperoxides
hydrophilic
hydrophobic interaction
hydropolysulfides
hydrosulfides
hydroxamic acids
hydroximic acids
hydroxylamines
hyperchromic effect
hyperconjugation
hypercoordination
hyperfine (interaction)
hyperfine coupling
hyperpolarizability (of
n
th order)
hypervalency
hypochromic effect
hypsochromic shift
IC
icosanoids
ICT
ICT emission
identity reaction
imaging (photoimaging)
imbalance
imenes
imides
imidic acids
imidines
imidogens
imidonium ions
imidoyl carbenes
imidoyl nitrenes
imin
imine radical
imines
iminium compounds
imino acids
imino carbenes
iminooxy radicals
iminoxyl radicals
iminyl carbenes
iminyl radicals
iminylium ions
in-out isomerism
inclusion compound
incoherent radiation
individual gauge for localized orbitals
induction period
inductive effect
inductomeric effect
inert
infrared
inhibition
initiation
inner filter effect
inner-sphere electron transfer
inositols
insertion
instability of Hartree–Fock solution
integrating sphere
intended crossing
intensity
intercalation compounds
interferometer
intermediate
intermolecular
internal compensation
internal conversion
intersection space
intersystem crossing
intervalence charge transfer
intra-
intramolecular
intramolecular catalysis
intramolecular charge transfer
intramolecular isotope effect
intrinsic barrier
intrinsic reaction coordinate
inverse isotope effect
inverse kinetic isotope effect
inversion
inverted micelle
inverted region (for electron transfer)
iodohydrins
ion pair
ion pair return
ionic bond
ionization
ionization energy
ionizing power
ipso
-attack
iridoids
irradiance (at a point of a surface)
ISC
isoabsorption point
isoclinic point
isoconjugate systems
isocoumarins
isocyanates
isocyanides
isocyclic compounds
isodesmic reaction
isodiazenes
isoelectronic
isoemissive point
isoentropic
isoequilibrium relationship
isogyric reaction
isokinetic relationship
isolampsic point
isolobal
isomer
isomeric
isomerism
isomerization
isometric
isonitriles
isonitroso compounds
isooptoacoustic point
isoprenoids
isosbestic point
isoselective relationship
isoselenocyanates
isostilbic point
isostructural reaction
isothiocyanates
isotope effect
isotope exchange
isotopic fractionation factor
isotopic scrambling
isotopologue
isotopomer
isoureas
Jablonski diagram
Jahn–Teller effect
Kamlet–Taft solvent parameters
Kaptein–Closs rules
Kasha rule
Kasha–Vavilov rule
Kekulé structure (for aromatic compounds)
ketals
ketazines
ketenes
ketenimines
ketimines
keto
keto carbenes
ketoaldonic acids
ketoaldoses
ketones
ketoses
ketoximes
ketyls
kinetic ambiguity
kinetic control
kinetic electrolyte effect
kinetic equivalence
kinetic isotope effect
kinetic resolution
Koopmans' theorem
Koppel–Palm solvent parameters
Kosower
Z
-value
krypton ion laser
l
l
,
u
labile
lactams
lactides
lactims
lactols
lactones
LADS
lambda
Lambert law
lamp
Landau–Zener model
Laporte rule
lariat ethers
LAS
laser
laser dye
laser-jet photochemical technique
lasing
latent image
least motion, principle of
leaving group
lecithins
LED
left-to-right convention
leuco bases
leuco compounds
leukotrienes
levelling effect
Lewis acid
Lewis acidity
Lewis adduct
Lewis base
Lewis basicity
Lewis formula (electron dot or Lewis structure)
Lewis octet rule
lifetime
ligand field splitting
ligand to ligand charge transfer (LLCT) transition
ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) transition
ligands
light polarization
light source
light-emitting diode
lignans
lignins
line formula
line-shape analysis
linear dichroism
linear free-energy relation
linear solvation energy relationships
lipids
lipophilic
lipophilicity
lipopolysaccharides
lipoproteins
localized molecular orbitals
London forces
lone (electron) pair
Lorentzian band shape
low-pressure mercury lamp (arc)
low-spin state
luminescence
lumiphore
lyate ion
lyonium ion
macrolides
magic angle
magnetic circular dichroism
magnetic equivalence
magnetization transfer
mancude-ring systems
Marcus equation (for electron transfer)
Marcus inverted region (for electron transfer)
Marcus–Hush relationship
Markownikoff rule
mass-law effect
matrix isolation
maximum hardness, principle of
mean life
mechanism
mechanism-based inhibition
medium
medium-pressure mercury lamp
Meisenheimer adduct
melting point (corrected/uncorrected)
mercaptals
mercaptans
mercaptides
mercaptoles
mercury–xenon lamp
mero
merry-go-round reactor
meso
meso
-compound
mesoionic compounds
mesolytic cleavage
mesomeric effect
mesomerism
metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition
metal to metal charge transfer (MMCT) transition
metal–carbene complexes
metal–carbyne complexes
metallacycloalkanes
metallocenes
metastable
metathesis
method of isotopic perturbation
methylene
methylidyne
micellar catalysis
micelle
Michaelis–Menten kinetics
microheterogeneity
microscopic chemical event
microscopic diffusion control
migration
migratory aptitude
migratory insertion
minimum-energy reaction path
mixing control
MLCT
Möbius aromaticity
mode-locked laser
moiety
molar absorption coefficient
molecular entity
molecular graph
molecular graph theory
molecular mechanics calculation
molecular metal
molecular orbital
molecular orientation
molecular rearrangement
molecular Rydberg state
molecularity
molecule
molozonides
monochromator
monosaccharides
monoterpenoids
Monte Carlo (MC), method of
More O'Ferrall–Jencks diagram
Morse potential
mucopolysaccharides
Mulliken population analysis
multi-centre bond
multi-centre reaction
multiconfiguration SCF method
multiphoton absorption
multiphoton process
multiplicity
multireference configuration interaction
munchnones
mustard oils
mustards
mutarotation
n → π* state
n → π* transition
n → σ* transition
n-σ* delocalization
naphthenes
naphthenic acids
narcissistic reaction
natural atomic orbital
natural bond orbital
natural hybrid orbital
natural orbital
natural population analysis
negative hyper-conjugation
neighbouring group participation
neodymium laser
Newman projection
NIH shift
nitramines
nitrenes
nitrenium ions
nitrile imides
nitrile imines
nitrile oxides
nitrile sulfides
nitrile ylides
nitriles
nitrilium betaines
nitrilium ions
nitrimines
nitro compounds
nitrogen laser
nitrolic acids
nitrones
nitrosamides
nitrosamines
nitrosimines
nitroso compounds
nitrosolic acids
nitroxides
nitroxyl radicals
no-bond resonance
nodal plane
non-crossing rule
non-Kekulé molecules
non-linear optical effect
non-linear optical techniques
non-radiative decay
non-vertical energy transfer
nonadiabatic electron transfer
nonadiabatic photoreaction
nonbonded interactions
nonbonding molecular orbital
nonclassical carbocation
nonclassical structure
normal kinetic isotope effect
normal region (for electron transfer)
normalization
Norrish Type I photoreaction
Norrish Type II photoreaction
Norrish–Yang reaction
nucleic acids
nucleofuge
nucleophile
nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution
nucleophilic catalysis
nucleophilicity
nucleoproteins
nucleosides
nucleotides
optically detected magnetic resonance
OLED
olefins
oligo
oligonucleotides
oligopeptides
oligosaccharides
one-bond-flip
one-photon photochromism
onium compounds
open-shell systems
opposing reactions
optical activity
optical antipodes
optical density
optical filter
optical isomers
optical multi-channel analyser
optical parametric amplification
optical parametric oscillator
optical purity
optical resolution
optical rotation
optical yield
optically labile
optoacoustic spectroscopy
orbital (atomic or molecular)
orbital steering
orbital symmetry
order of reaction
organo-
organoheteryl groups
organometallic compounds
organyl groups
ortho acids
ortho amides
ortho esters
osazones
osones
osotriazoles
out-isomer
outer-sphere electron transfer
oxa-di-π-methane rearrangement
oxenium ions
oxidation
oxidative addition
oxidative coupling
oxime
O
-ethers
oximes
oxo carboxylic acids
oxo compounds
oxoacids
oxocarbons
oxonium ions
oxonium ylides
oxylium ions
ozonides
σ-orbital
paddlanes
paraffin
parallel reactions
paramagnetic
parametric amplification
parametric processes
Pariser–Parr–Pople (PPP) method
partial rate factor
Paterno–Büchi reaction
Pauli exclusion principle
pectins
Peierls distortion
penams
penems
penicillins
peptides
peptidoglycan
per acids
pericyclic reaction
peripheral atom
periselectivity
peroxides
peroxy acids
perpendicular effect
persistent
perspective formula
perturbation theory
pH-rate profile
phase-transfer catalysis
phenolates
phenols
phenonium ions
phenoxides
phonon
phosphanes
phosphanylidenes
phosphatidic acids
phosphazenes
phosphines
phosphinic acids
phosphinous acids
phospho
phosphoglycerides
phospholipids
phosphonic acids
phosphonitriles
phosphonium compounds
phosphonium ylides
phosphono
phosphonous acids
phosphoramides
phosphoranes
phosphoranyl radicals
phosphorescence
phosphorescence lifetime
phosphylenes
photo-Bergman cyclization
photo-Claisen rearrangement
photo-Fries rearrangement
photoacoustic effect
photoacoustic spectroscopy
photoaffinity labelling
photoassisted catalysis
photobiology
photocatalysis
photocatalyst
photochemical funnel
photochemical hole burning
photochemical nitrogen extrusion
photochemical reaction
photochemical reaction path
photochemical smog
photochemistry
photochromism
photoconductivity
photocrosslinking
photocurrent yield
photocyclization
photocycloaddition
photodecarbonylation
photodecarboxylation
photodeconjugation
photodegradation
photodetachment
photodynamic effect
photoelectrical effect
photoelectrochemical cell
photoelectrochemical etching
photoelectrochemistry
photoelectron spectroscopy
photoexcitation
photogalvanic cell
photohydration
photoinduced electron transfer
photoinduced polymerization
photoinitiation
photoionization
photoisomerization
photoluminescence
photolysis
photon
photon counting
photon echo
photon exitance
photon exposure
photon flow
photon fluence rate
photon fluence
photon flux
photon irradiance
photon number
photon radiance
photooxidation
photooxygenation
photophysical processes
photopolymerization
photorearrangement
photoreduction
photoresist
photoselection
photosensitization
photosensitizer
photostationary state
photothermal effect
photothermography
photovoltaic cell
phthaleins
phthalides
picrates
piezoluminescence
pinacols
planar chirality
planar intramolecular charge transfer
PLED
plumbylenes
plumbylidenes
plus, minus
point group
polar aprotic solvent
polar effect
polar solvent
polarity
polarizability
polarization
polaron
polyhedranes
polyketides
polypeptides
polyprenols
polyquinanes (polyquinenes)
polysaccharides
polysulfanes
polysulfides
polytopal rearrangement
population inversion
porphyrinogens
porphyrins
potential-energy (reaction) surface
potential-energy profile
pre-association
pre-equilibrium (prior equilibrium)
pre-reactive complexes
precursor complex
predissociation
prenols
primary (photo)process
primary (photo)product
primary isotope effect
primary kinetic isotope effect
primary photochemical process
primary structure
primitive change
principle of least nuclear motion
principle of microscopic reversibility
priority
pro-E, pro-Z
pro-R, pro-S
prochirality
prochirality centre
product development control
product-determining step
projection formula
promotion
propagation
propellanes
prostaglandins
prostanoids
proteins
proteoglycan
protic
protium
protogenic (solvent)
protolysis
proton affinity
proton transfer reaction
protophilic (solvent)
prototropic rearrangement
pseudo acids
pseudo bases
pseudo-asymmetric carbon atom
pseudo-catalysis
pseudo-first-order reaction
pseudo-unimolecular
pseudo-zero-order reaction
pseudohalogens
pseudomolecular rearrangement
pseudopericyclic
pseudorotation
pseudoureas
pump-dump-probe technique
pump-probe technique
purine bases
pyramidal inversion
pyranoses
pyrimidine bases
pyro
pyrromethenes
π – π* state
π → π* transition
π-complex
Q-switched laser
quantitative structure–activity relationships
quantum counter
quantum efficiency
quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics
quantum
quantum yield
quartet state
quartz–iodine lamp
quasi-enantiomers
quasi-racemic compound
quaternary ammonium compounds
quaternary structure
quencher
quenching
quenching constant
quinarenes
quinhydrones
quinomethanes
quinomethides
quinone diazides
quinones
quinonimines
quinonoximes
R
,
S
r
,
s
R
*,
S
*
racemate
racemic
racemic compound
racemic conglomerate
racemic mixture
racemization
radiance
radiant (energy) flux
radiant energy
radiant exitance
radiant exposure
radiant intensity
radiant power
radiation trapping
radiationless deactivation
radiationless transition
radiative energy transfer
radiative lifetime
radiative transition
radical (free radical)
radical centre(s)
radical combination
radical ion
radical pair
radical photosubstitution
radioluminescence
radiolysis
rate coefficient
rate law
rate of disappearance
rate of reaction
rate-controlling step
rate-determining step
Re
,
Si
reacting bond rules
reaction
reaction coordinate
reaction intermediate
reaction path
reaction stage
reaction step
reactive (reactivity)
reactivity index
reactivity–selectivity principle
rearrangement
rearrangement stage
red shift
reduction
reductive elimination
reductones
reference atom
reflectance
regioselectivity (regioselective)
Rehm–Weller equation
Reissert compounds
rel
relative configuration
relative hardness
relative spectral responsivity
relativistic effects
relaxation
relaxation kinetics
Renner–Teller effect
reorganization energy
residual emission anisotropy
resolution
resonance
resonance absorption technique
resonance energy
resonance fluorescence
resonance fluorescence technique
resonance hybrid
resonance lamp
resonance line
resonance radiation
retinoids
retro
retroaddition
retrocycloaddition
rhodamine dyes
ribbon delocalisation
ribonucleic acids
ribonucleotides
ring reversal
Ritchie equation
rotamer
rotational barrier
rotational correlation time
rotational relaxation time
rotatory power
rotaxanes
rotenoids
rovibronic state
ruby laser
Rydberg orbital
Rydberg state
Rydberg transition
s-
cis
, s-
trans
saccharides
sacrificial acceptor
sacrificial donor
salt effect
sandwich compounds
saturation transfer
sawhorse projection
Saytzeff rule
sc
scaling factor
scavenger
Schenck reaction
Schenck-sensitization mechanism
Schiff bases
scintillators
scrambling
secondary isotope effect
secondary kinetic isotope effect
secondary structure
secular equation
selection rule
selectivity
selectivity factor
selectivity
selenenic acids
selenides
seleninic acids
selenocyanates
selenols
selenones
selenonic acids
selenoxides
self-absorption
self-localized excitations
self-quenching
selones
semi-empirical quantum mechanical methods
semicarbazones
semioxamazones
semiquinones
sensitization
sensitizer
sequence rules
sesquiterpenoids
sesterterpenoids
shielding
sigmatropic rearrangement
silanes
silanols
silasesquiazanes
silasesquioxanes
silasesquithianes
silathianes
silazanes
silicones
siloxanes
silyl groups
silyl radicals
silylene
simultaneous pair transitions
single-electron transfer mechanism
single-photon timing
single-step reaction
singlet molecular oxygen
singlet state
singlet-singlet annihilation
singlet-singlet energy transfer
singlet-triplet energy transfer
singlet–triplet crossing
skew
Slater determinant
Slater-type orbital
solar conversion efficiency
solid state lasers
soliton
solvation
solvation energy
solvatochromic relationship
solvatochromism
solvent isotope effect
solvent parameter
solvent shift
solvent-induced symmetry breaking
solvolysis
solvophobicity parameter
SOMO
sonication
sonoluminescence
sp
space formula
special salt effect
specific catalysis
spectator mechanism
spectral (photon) effectiveness
spectral fluence rate
spectral irradiance
spectral overlap
spectral photon exitance
spectral photon flow
spectral photon flux
spectral photon radiance
spectral radiance
spectral radiant energy
spectral radiant exitance
spectral radiant flux
spectral radiant intensity
spectral radiant power
spectral responsivity
spectral sensitivity
spectral sensitization
spherical radiance
spherical radiant exposure
spin conservation rule
spin contamination
spin crossover
spin density
spin label
spin polarization
spin projection
spin trapping
spin-allowed electronic transition
spin-flip method
spin-orbit coupling
spin-orbit splitting
spin-statistical factor
spin–spin coupling
spiro compounds
spontaneous emission
stable
staggered conformation
stannoxanes
stannylenes
stannylidenes
Stark effect
state crossing
state diagram
stationary state
steady state
stepwise reaction
stereochemical formula
stereochemical non-rigidity
stereoconvergence
stereodescriptor
stereoelectronic
stereoelectronic control
stereogenic unit
stereoheterotopic
stereoisomerism
stereoisomers
stereomutation
stereoselective synthesis
stereoselectivity
stereospecificity
steric effect
steric hindrance
steric isotope effect
steric strain
steric-approach control
Stern–Volmer kinetic relationships
steroids
sterols
stibanes
stibanylidenes
stibines
stibonium compounds
stimulated emission
Stokes shift
stopped flow
strain
strain energy
structural stability
styphnates
subjacent orbital
substituent atom (group)
substituent electronegativity
substitution reaction
substrate
successor complex
sudden polarization
sugars
sulfamic acids
sulfanes
sulfatides
sulfenamides
sulfenes
sulfenic acids
sulfenium ions
sulfenyl groups
sulfenyl radicals
sulfenylium ions
sulfides
sulfilimines
sulfimides
sulfimines
sulfinamides
sulfinamidines
sulfines
sulfinic acids
sulfinic anhydrides
sulfinimines
sulfinylamines
sulfolipids
sulfonamides
sulfonamidines
sulfonediimines
sulfones
sulfonic acids
sulfonic anhydrides
sulfonimides
sulfonium compounds
sulfonphthaleins
sulfonylamines
sulfoxides
sulfoximides
sulfur diimides
sultams
sultims
sultines
sultones
superacid
superexchange interaction
superposability
superradiance
supramolecular chemistry
supramolecule
surface crossing
Swain–Lupton equation
Swain–Scott equation
sydnone imines
sydnones
symbiosis
symproportionation
syn
synchronization (principle of nonperfect synchronization)
synchronous
π → σ* transition
σ → σ* transition
σ, π (sigma, pi)
Taft equation
tautomeric effect
tautomerism
tautomerization
tele-substitution
tellurides
tellurones
telomerization
termination
terpenes
terpenoids
tertiary structure
tetracyclines
tetrahedral intermediate
tetrapyrroles
tetraterpenoids
thermal lensing
thermally activated delayed fluorescence
thermochromism
thermodynamic control
thermodynamic isotope effect
thermoluminescence
thermolysis
thiazynes
thio
thioacetals
thioaldehyde
S
-oxides
thioaldehydes
thioanhydrides
thiocarboxylic acids
thiocyanates
thioethers
thiohemiacetals
thioketone
S
-oxides
thioketones
thiolates
thiols
thiyl radicals
through-bond electron transfer
through-space electron transfer
TICT emission
TICT state
time-correlated single photon counting
time-dependent density functional theory
time-resolved fluorometry
time-resolved microwave conductivity
time-resolved spectroscopy
topomerization
torquoselectivity
torsion angle
torsional stereoisomers
total chemiflux
transannular strain
transferability
transformation
transient (chemical) species
transient spectroscopy
transient-stimulated emission pumping
transition
transition (dipole) moment
transition polarization
transition state
transition state analogue
transition structure
transmission coefficient
transmittance
transoid conformation
transport control
trapping
triazanes
triazenes
triboluminescence
trimethylenemethanes
trioxides
triplet state
triplet-triplet annihilation
triplet-triplet energy transfer
triplet-triplet transitions
triterpenoids
tritium
tropilidenes
tropolones
tropones
tropyl radicals
tropylium ions
tub conformation
tungsten-halogen lamp
tunnelling
twisted intramolecular charge transfer
two-photon excitation
two-photon photochromism
two-photon process
ultraviolet
umpolung
uniaxial sample
unreactive
unstable
upconversion
upfield
ureides
urethanes
uronic acids
uronium salts
UV dose
UV photoelectron spectroscopy
UV stabilizer
valence
valence band
valence isomer
valence tautomerization
van der Waals forces
Vavilov rule
verdazyl radicals
vibrational redistribution
vibrational relaxation
vibronic coupling
vibronic transition
vinyl carbenes
vinylic cations
vinylic groups
vinylidenes
viologens
visible
volume of activation
VUV
ρ
-value
Walden inversion
wavenumber
wedge projection
Weller correlation
Wheland intermediate
Wigner matrices
wolfram lamp
Wood horn
Wood lamp
Woodward–Hoffmann rules
xanthates
xanthene dyes
xanthic acids
xanthophylls
xenon lamp
ξ- (xi-)
Yang photocyclization
ylides
ynamines
ynols
Yukawa–Tsuno equation
Z
-value
Zeeman effect
zero differential overlap (ZDO) approximation
zero field splitting
zero–zero (0–0) absorption or emission
zig-zag projection
Zucker–Hammett hypothesis
zwitterionic compounds/zwitterions