Toggle navigation
Gold Book
Resources
About
History
FAQ
Gold Book API
Software
Alphabetical Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
XYZ
Additional Indexes
Physical Constants
Units of Measure
Physical Quantities
SI Prefixes
Ring Index
General Formulae
Exact Formulae
Source Documents
Terms by IUPAC Division
Terms by Organization
Version 5.0.0 (14588 Terms)
DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
Jan Kaiser - Content Editor
Stuart J. Chalk - Technical Editor
Joint Subcommittee
on the IUPAC Gold Book
Gold Book Terms (2165) from Division III
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
'A' value
ab initio
quantum mechanical methods
abeo-
aci
-nitro compounds
ambo
antiprismo
-
asym
-
absolute configuration
absorbance
absorbed local spectral photon flux density
absorbed local spectral radiance
absorbed photon flux density
absorbed radiant density
absorbed radiant power density
absorptance
absorption coefficient
absorption cross-section
absorptivity
abstraction
acceptor number
accumulation layer
acenes
acetals
acetonides
acetylenes
acetylides
acid
acid anhydrides
acidity
acidity function
actinic
actinism
actinometer
action spectrum
activated complex
activated state
activation energy
active state
active state
acyl carbenes
acyl groups
acyl halides
acyl shift
acyl species
acylals
acyloins
acyloxyl radicals
addition
addition reaction
additive name
additivity principle
adduct
adiabatic electron transfer
adiabatic photoreaction
aglycon
agostic
agostic interaction
alcoholates
alcohols
aldaric acids
aldazines
aldehydes
aldimines
alditols
aldoketoses
aldonic acids
aldoses
aldoximes
alicyclic compounds
aliphatic compounds
alkaloids
alkanes
alkanium ions
alkene photocycloaddition
alkene photodimerization
alkene photoisomerization
alkene photorearrangement
alkenes
alkoxides
alkoxyamines
alkyl groups
alkyl radicals
alkylenes
alkylidene groups
alkylideneaminoxyl radicals
alkylideneaminyl radicals
alkylidenes
alkylidynes
alkynes
allenes
allylic groups
allylic intermediates
allylic substitution reaction
alternancy symmetry
alternant
AM 0 sunlight
AM 1 sunlight
amalgam lamp
ambident
ambiphilic
amic acids
amide oximes
amides
amidines
amidium ions
amidrazones
aminals
amine imides
amine oxides
amine ylides
amines
aminium ions
aminiumyl radical ions
amino sugars
aminoxides
aminoxyl radicals
aminyl radicals
ammonium ylides
ammoniumyl radical ions
amphiphilic
amphiprotic solvent
amphoteric
angle strain
angular overlap model
anhydro bases
anilides
anils
anionotropic rearrangement
annelation
annulation
annulenes
annulenylidenes
anomeric effect
anomers
ansa compounds
antarafacial
anthocyanidins
anthocyanins
anti
antiaromatic compounds
antiaromaticity
antibonding molecular orbital
antimony–xenon lamp
antisymmetry principle
apical
apicophilicity
aprotic solvent
aquation
area-related parameters
arene epoxides
arenes
arenium ions
arenols
argon ion laser
aromatic
aromatic photocycloaddition
aromatic substitution photochemical electrophile-olefin combination
aromatic substitution photochemical radical-olefin combination
aromaticity
Arrhenius equation
arsanes
arsanylidenes
arsanylium ions
arsenides
arsine oxides
arsines
arsinic acids
arsinous acids
arsonic acids
arsonium compounds
arsonous acids
arsoranes
artificial photosynthesis
aryl cations
aryl groups
arylene groups
aryne
association
asymmetric
asymmetric carbon atom
asymmetric induction
asymmetric photochemistry
asymmetric synthesis
asymmetric transformation
asymmetry
atom-atom polarizability
atom-bond polarizability
atomic charge
atomic orbital
atomic units
atropisomers
attachment
attenuance
attenuance filter
aufbau principle
autocatalytic reaction
automerization
autoprotolysis
autoprotolysis constant
auxochrome
avoided crossing
axial
axial chirality
aza-di-π-methane rearrangement
azanes
azides
azines
azinic acids
azlactones
azo compounds
azo imides
azomethine imides
azomethine ylides
azomethines
azonic acids
azoxy compounds
α
α-addition
α-effect
α-elimination
α-expulsion
α-oxo carbenes
α, β
π-adduct
σ-adduct
β
,
β
nuc
,
β
lg
back donation
back electron transfer
Baldwin's rules
band-to-band recombination
bandgap energy
bandpass filter
barbiturates
Barton reaction
base
basicity
basis function
basis set
bathochromic shift
Beer–Lambert law
Bell–Evans–Polanyi principle
Bent's rule
benzenium ions
benzylic groups
benzylic intermediates
benzynes
betaines
betweenanenes
bicycle rearrangement
bicycle-pedal mechanism
bidentate
bifunctional catalysis
bifurcation
binding energy
binding site
bioluminescence
biphotonic excitation
biphotonic process
bipolarons
biradical
bisecting conformation
bismuthanes
bismuthines
bisphenols
black body
black-body-like photocatalytic reactor
bleaching
blue shift
bond
bond dissociation
bond energy
bond energy
bond enthalpy
bond length
bond number
bond orbital
bond order
bond order
bond-dissociation energy
bond-dissociation energy
bond-dissociation enthalpy
bond-stretch isomers
bonding molecular orbital
bonding number
boranes
boranylidenes
borderline mechanism
borenes
borinic acids
Born–Oppenheimer approximation
boronic acids
borylenes
bowsprit
Brønsted relation
branching plane
Bredt's rule
Brewster angle
bridge
bridged carbocation
bridgehead atom
bridging ligand
brightness
brightness
Brønsted acid
Brønsted base
Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area
Bunnett–Olsen equations
Bunte salts
β-elimination
catena
-
cis
-
trans
isomers
cis
-fused
cis
,
trans
closo
-
C. I. P. system
cage
cage compound
caged compound
calixarenes
captodative effect
carbaboranes
carbamates
carbanion
carbene analogues
carbene radical anions
carbene radical cations
carbenes
carbenium centre
carbenium ion
carbenoids
carbocation
carbocyclic compounds
carbodiimides
carbohydrates
carbon dioxide laser
carbonitriles
carbonium ion
carbonyl compounds
carbonyl imides
carbonyl oxides
carbonyl ylides
carboxamides
carboxamidines
carboxylic acids
carbynes
carbynium ions
carotenes
carotenoids
carrier atom
Catalán solvent parameters
catalysed photochemical reaction
catalysis
catalyst
catalyst photoactivation
catalytic antibody
catalytic coefficient
catalytic cycle
catalytic site
catecholamines
catenanes
cation-π interaction
cavitands
cavity dumping
cephalins
cephalosporins
cephams
cephems
chain reaction
chain transfer
chair, boat, twist
chalcogen bond
chalcones
characteristic group
charge hopping
charge population
charge recombination
charge separation
charge shift
charge-transfer absorption
charge-transfer complex
charge-transfer state
charge-transfer transition
charge-transfer transition to solvent
chelation
cheletropic reaction
chelotropic reaction
chemical bond
chemical decomposition
chemical equilibrium
chemical flux
chemical laser
chemical reaction
chemical relaxation
chemical species
chemically induced dynamic electron polarization
chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization
chemically initiated electron exchange luminescence
chemiexcitation
chemiluminescence
chemoselectivity
chiral
chiral feature
chiral recognition
chirality
chirality axis
chirality centre
chirality element
chirality plane
chirality sense
chiroptic
chirotopic
chloramines
chlorocarbons
chromophore
cine-substitution
CIP priority
cis/trans photoisomerisation
class (a) metal ion
class (b) metal ion
clathrates
closed shell molecular systems
coarctate
Coekelbergs effect
coherent radiation
colligation
collision complex
color scale
colour centres
colourability
common-ion effect
compensation
compensation effect
complete active space self-consistent field
complete active space self-consistent field second-order perturbation theory
complex
composite reaction
comproportionation
computational photochemistry
concentration depolarization
concerted process
concerted reaction
condensation reaction
condensed formula
conduction band
configuration
configuration
configuration interaction
conformation
conformational analysis
conformer
conical intersection
conjugate acid–base pair
conjugated system
conjunctive name
connectivity
conservation of orbital symmetry
constitution
constitutional isomerism
continuous wave laser
contributing structure
conversion cross-section
conversion spectrum
coordination
coordination number
coordinatively saturated complex
coordinatively unsaturated complex
copper vapour laser
core atom
correlation analysis
correlation diagram
correlation energy
corrinoids
Coulomb repulsion
coumarins
coupled cluster method
coupling constant
covalent bond
Cox–Yates equation
cresols
critical micelle concentration
cross-conjugation
crown
crown conformation
cryptand
crystal field
crystal field splitting
crystal photochemistry
CT
cumulative double bonds
cumulenes
curly arrows
Curtin–Hammett principle
curve-crossing model
cut-off filter
cut-on filter
CW
cyanates
cyanides
cyanine dyes
cyanohydrins
cybotactic region
cyclic acid anhydrides
cyclitols
cyclization
cyclo-
cycloaddition
cycloalkanes
cycloalkyl groups
cyclodextrins
cycloelimination
cyclohexadienyl cations
cyclophanes
cyclosilazanes
cyclosiloxanes
σ-constant
dodecahedro
-
d, l, dl
dark photochemistry
DAS
dative bond
Dauben–Salem–Turro rules
Davydov splitting
de Mayo reaction
deactivation
deep energy trap
degenerate orbitals
degenerate rearrangement
dehydroarenes
dehydrobenzenes
delayed fluorescence
delayed luminescence
delocalization
delocalization
delocalization energy
dendrimer
depletion layer
depsides
depsipeptides
depth of penetration
desymmetrization
desymmetrization step
detachment
detailed balancing
deuteriation
deuterium
deuteron
Dexter excitation transfer
dextrans
dextrins
di-π-methane rearrangement
di-π-silane rearrangement
diabatic electron transfer
diabatic photoreaction
diacylamines
diamagnetic
diamidides
dianions
diastereoisomer excess
diastereoisomerism
diastereoisomerization
diastereomeric ratio
diastereomorphism
diastereotopic
diazenyl radicals
diazo compounds
diazoamino compounds
diazoates
diazonium salts
diazooxides
dicarbenium ions
dichroic mirror
dichroism
dienes
dienophile
dihedral angle
dimerization
Dimroth–Reichardt
E
T
parameter
diode laser
diols
diosphenols
dipolar aprotic solvent
dipolar bond
dipolar compounds
dipolar mechanism
dipole–dipole interaction
dipyrrins
diradicaloid
diradicals
direct bandgap semiconductor
disaccharides
disproportionation
dissociation
distonic radical cation
distortion interaction model
diterpenoids
donicity
donor number
dose
doublet state
downconversion
driving force
driving force
Drude–Nernst equation
dual fluorescence
dual substituent-parameter equation
dual-mode photochromism
dye laser
dynamic NMR
dynamic photoadsorption process
dynamic reaction path
dyotropic rearrangement
dypnones
Δ, Λ
E
,
Z
E
/
Z
photoisomerization
endo
,
exo
,
syn
,
anti
ent
erythro
,
threo
eclipsed
eclipsing strain
educt
effective charge
effective molarity
effective radiation-catalytic activity
efficiency
efficiency spectrum
eighteen-electron rule
einstein
El-Sayed rules
electrical double layer
electrocyclic reaction
electrofuge
electrogenerated chemiluminescence
electromeric effect
electron acceptor
electron affinity
electron attachment
electron back-transfer
electron correlation
electron density
electron density function
electron detachment
electron donor
electron exchange excitation transfer
electron pushing
electron transfer
electron transfer photosensitization
electron-counting rules
electron-deficient bond
electron-deficient compounds
electron-pair acceptor
electron-pair donor
electron-transfer catalysis
electronegativity
electroneutrality principle
electronic chemical potential
electronic effect of substituents: symbols and signs
electronic energy migration
electronic stability
electronic state
electronically excited state
electrophile
electrophilic substitution
electrophilicity
electrophotography
electrostriction
element effect
elementary reaction
elimination
emission
emission anisotropy
emission spectrum
emittance
enamines
enantiomer
enantiomeric excess
enantiomeric groups
enantiomeric ratio
enantiomerically enriched
enantiomerically pure
enantiomerism
enantiomerization
enantiomorph
enantiotopic
encounter complex
encounter-controlled rate
ene reaction
energy gradient
energy hypersurface
energy storage efficiency
energy transfer
energy transfer plot
enforced concerted mechanism
enhancer
enolates
enols
enoses
entering group
enthalpy of activation
entrainment
entropy of activation
envelope conformation
epihalohydrins
epimerization
epimers
episulfonium ions
epoxy compounds
equalization of electronegativity, principle of
equatorial
equilibrium geometry
esters
ethers
exchange repulsion
excimer
excimer lamp
excimer laser
exciplex
excitation spectrum
excitation transfer
excited state
exciton
exciton absorption
exposure
extended Hammett equation
extended Hückel MO method
external quantum efficiency
exterplex
extrinsic absorption
extrinsic defect
extrusion transformation
π-electron acceptor/donor group
fac
-
F centres
fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry
fatigue
fatty acids
fenestranes
Fermi level
Fermi level splitting
ferrocenophanes
field effect
Fischer projection
Fischer–Rosanoff convention
flash photolysis
flash vacuum pyrolysis
flavins
flavonoids
flavoproteins
fluence
fluence rate
fluorescence lifetime
fluorescence resonance energy transfer
fluorocarbons
fluorogenic
fluorophore
fluxional
formal charge
formamidine disulfides
formazans
Förster cycle
Förster excitation transfer
Förster-resonance-energy transfer
Fourier transform spectrometer
Fourier-transform spectroscopy
fragmentation
Franck–Condon factor
Franck–Condon principle
free charge carriers
free electron laser
free electrons
free rotation
free-running laser
frequency
frequency
frequency-domain fluorometry
FRET
frontier orbitals
frustrated Lewis acid-base pair
fulgides
fullerenes
fulminates
fulvalenes
fulvenes
functional class name
functional group
functional parent
fundamental absorption
fundamental absorption edge
furanocoumarins
furanoses
furocoumarins
fusion name
gas laser
gas-phase acidity
gas-phase basicity
gated photochromism
gauche
gauche effect
Gaussian band shape
Gaussian orbital
geminate ion pair
geminate pair
geminate recombination
general acid catalysis
general base catalysis
germylidenes
Gibbs energy diagram
Gibbs energy of activation
Gibbs energy of photoinduced electron transfer
global analysis
glycans
glycerides
glycolipids
glycols
glycopeptides
glycosamines
glycoses
glycosides
glycosyl group
glycosylamines
graphene
Grignard reagents
ground state
group
group electronegativity
Grunwald–Winstein equation
guest
hexaprismo
-
hexahedro
-
haem
half life
half-chair
half-life
half-life
half-width
halirenium ions
halochromism
haloforms
halogen bond
halohydrins
halonium ions
Hammett equation
Hammond principle
handedness
Hansch constant
Hantzsch–Widman name
hapticity
hard acid
hard base
harmonic approximation
harmonic frequency generation
harpoon mechanism
HBA solvent
HBD solvent
heat capacity of activation
heavy atom effect
heavy atom isotope effect
helicenes
helicity
heliochromism
helium–cadmium laser
helium–neon laser
hemes
hemiacetals
hemiaminals
hemiketals
hemins
hemochromes
hemoglobins
Henderson–Hasselbalch equation
Herz compounds
hetarenes
hetaryl groups
hetarynes
heteroalkenes
heteroarenes
heteroaryl groups
heteroarynes
heterobimetallic complex
heteroconjugation
heterocumulenes
heterocyclic compounds
heterocyclyl groups
heteroexcimer
heterogeneous photocatalysis
heterogeneous radiation catalysis
heteroleptic
heterolysis
heterolytic bond-dissociation energy
high-pressure mercury lamp
high-throughput screening
Hildebrand parameter
Hofmann rule
hole burning
hole transfer
homo
homoaromatic
homoconjugation
homocyclic compounds
homodesmotic reaction
homogeneous photocatalysis
homogeneous radiation catalysis
homoleptic
homolysis
homomorphic
homotopic
host
hot ground state reaction
hot state reaction
Hückel (4
n
+ 2) rule
Hückel molecular orbital theory
Huisgen reaction
hula-twist mechanism
Hund rules
hybrid orbital
hybridization
hydration
hydrazides
hydrazidines
hydrazines
hydrazo compounds
hydrazones
hydrazonic acids
hydrocarbons
hydrocarbyl groups
hydrocarbylene groups
hydrocarbylidene groups
hydrocarbylidyne groups
hydrocarbylsulfanyl nitrenes
hydrogen
hydrogen bond
hydrogen bond
hydrolysis
hydron
hydronation
hydroperoxides
hydrophilic
hydrophobic interaction
hydropolysulfides
hydrosulfides
hydroxamic acids
hydroximic acids
hydroxylamines
hyperchromic effect
hyperconjugation
hypercoordination
hyperfine
hyperfine coupling
hyperpolarizability
hypervalency
hypochromic effect
hypsochromic shift
η
icosahedro
-
ipso
-attack
IC
icosanoids
ICT
identity reaction
imaging
imbalance
imides
imidic acids
imidines
imidoyl carbenes
imidoyl nitrenes
imines
iminium compounds
imino acids
imino carbenes
iminoxyl radicals
iminyl radicals
iminylium ions
in-out isomerism
in-scattering
inclusion compound
incoherent radiation
indicated hydrogen
indirect bandgap semiconductor
individual gauge for localized orbitals
induction period
inductive effect
inductomeric effect
inert
infrared
inhibition
initiation
inner filter effect
inner-sphere electron transfer
inositols
insertion
instability of Hartree–Fock solution
integrating sphere
intended crossing
intensity
intercalation compounds
intermediate
intermolecular
internal conversion
interparticle electron transfer
intersection space
intersystem crossing
intervalence charge transfer
intra-
intramolecular
intramolecular catalysis
intramolecular charge transfer
intramolecular charge transfer emission
intramolecular isotope effect
intrinsic barrier
intrinsic defects
intrinsic emission
intrinsic reaction coordinate
inverse isotope effect
inversion
inversion layer
inverted micelle
inverted region
ion pair
ion pair return
ionic bond
ionic liquid
ionization
ionization energy
ionizing power
iridoids
irradiance
ISC
isoclinic point
isoconjugate systems
isocoumarins
isocyanates
isocyanides
isocyclic compounds
isodesmic reaction
isodiazenes
isoelectronic
isoemissive point
isoentropic
isoequilibrium relationship
isogyric reaction
isokinetic relationship
isolampsic point
isolated double bonds
isolobal
isomer
isomeric
isomerism
isomerization
isometric
isooptoacoustic point
isoprenoids
isosbestic point
isoselective relationship
isoselenocyanates
isostilbic point
isostructural reaction
isothiocyanates
isotope effect
isotope exchange
isotopic fractionation factor
isotopic scrambling
isotopically deficient
isotopically labelled
isotopically modified
isotopically substituted
isotopically unmodified
isotopologue
isotopomer
isoureas
Jablonski diagram
Jahn–Teller effect
Kamlet–Taft solvent parameters
Kaptein–Closs rules
Kasha rule
Kasha–Vavilov rule
Kekulé structure
ketals
ketazines
ketenes
ketenimines
ketimines
keto carbenes
keto-enol tautomerization
ketoaldonic acids
ketoaldoses
ketones
ketoses
ketoximes
ketyls
kinetic control
kinetic electrolyte effect
kinetic equivalence
kinetic isotope effect
kinetic resolution
Koopmans' theorem
Koppel–Palm solvent parameters
krypton ion laser
l
l
,
u
labile
lactams
lactides
lactims
lactols
lactones
LADS
lambda
Lambert law
lamp
Landau–Zener model
Laporte rule
lariat ethers
LAS
laser
laser dye
laser-jet photochemical technique
lasing
latent image
Laurence solvent parameters
least motion principle
leaving group
lecithins
LED
Leffler’s relation
left-to-right convention
leuco bases
leuco compounds
leukotrienes
levelling effect
Lewis acid
Lewis acidity
Lewis adduct
Lewis base
Lewis basicity
Lewis formula
Lewis octet rule
lifetime
ligand field splitting
ligand to ligand charge transfer transition
ligand to metal charge transfer transition
light polarization
light-emitting diode
lignans
lignins
line formula
line-shape analysis
linear dichroism
linear free-energy relation
linear solvation energy relationships
lipids
lipophilic
lipophilicity
lipopolysaccharides
lipoproteins
Lippert–Mataga equation
local differential absorption
localized molecular orbitals
London forces
lone pair
Lorentzian band shape
low-pressure mercury lamp
low-spin state
luminescence
lumiphore
lyate ion
lyonium ion
meso
meso
-compound
macrolides
magic angle
magnetic circular dichroism
magnetic equivalence
magnetization transfer
mancude-ring systems
Marcus equation
Marcus–Hush relationship
Markownikoff rule
mass action, law of
mass-law effect
matrix isolation
maximum hardness principle
Mayr–Patz equation
mechanism
mechanism-based inhibition
medium
medium-pressure mercury lamp
Meisenheimer adduct
melting point corrected
mercury–xenon lamp
mero
merry-go-round reactor
mesoionic compounds
mesolytic cleavage
mesomeric effect
mesomerism
metal to ligand charge transfer transition
metal to metal charge transfer transition
metal–carbene complexes
metal–carbyne complexes
metallacycloalkanes
metallocenes
metathesis
method of isotopic perturbation
micellar catalysis
micelle
Michaelis–Menten kinetics
microscopic diffusion control
migration
migratory aptitude
migratory insertion
minimum structural change, principle of
minimum-energy reaction path
mixed labelled
mixing control
MLCT
Möbius aromaticity
mode-locked laser
moiety
molar absorption coefficient
molecular entity
molecular graph
molecular graph theory
molecular mechanics calculation
molecular metal
molecular orbital
molecular orientation
molecular rearrangement
molecular recognition
molecular Rydberg state
molecularity
molecule
molozonides
monochromator
monosaccharides
monoterpenoids
Monte Carlo method
More O'Ferrall–Jencks diagram
Morse potential
mucopolysaccharides
Mulliken population analysis
multi-centre bond
multi-centre reaction
multiconfiguration SCF method
multiphoton process
multiplicative name
multiplicity
multiply labelled
multireference configuration interaction
munchnones
mustards
mutarotation
µ-
nido
-
n → π* state
n → π* transition
n → σ* transition
n-σ* delocalization
nanomaterial
naphthenes
naphthenic acids
narcissistic reaction
natural atomic orbital
natural bond orbital
natural hybrid orbital
natural orbital
natural photosynthesis
natural population analysis
negative hyper-conjugation
neighbouring group participation
neodymium laser
Newman projection
NIH shift
nitramines
nitrenes
nitrenium ions
nitrile imides
nitrile oxides
nitrile sulfides
nitrile ylides
nitriles
nitrilium betaines
nitrilium ions
nitrimines
nitro compounds
nitrogen laser
nitrolic acids
nitrones
nitrosamides
nitrosamines
nitrosimines
nitroso compounds
nitrosolic acids
NMR exchange spectroscopy
nodal plane
non-crossing rule
non-Kekulé molecules
non-Kekulé structure
non-linear optical effect
non-linear optical techniques
non-radiative decay
non-vertical energy transfer
nonbonded interactions
nonbonding molecular orbital
nonclassical carbocation
nonclassical structure
nonselectively labelled
nor-
normal region
normalization
Norrish Type I photoreaction
Norrish Type II photoreaction
Norrish–Yang reaction
nucleic acids
nucleofuge
nucleophile
nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution
nucleophilic catalysis
nucleophilic substitution
nucleophilicity
nucleoproteins
nucleosides
nucleotides
octahedro
-
ortho
- and
peri
-fused
ortho
-fused
octanol-water partition ratio
OLED
olefins
oligo
one-bond-flip
one-photon photochromism
onium compounds
open-shell systems
opposing reactions
optical activity
optical filter
optical multi-channel analyser
optical parametric amplification
optical parametric oscillator
optical purity
optical yield
optically detected magnetic resonance
optically labile
optoacoustic spectroscopy
orbital
orbital steering
orbital symmetry
order of reaction
organocatalysis
organoheteryl groups
organometallic compounds
organyl groups
ortho acids
ortho amides
ortho esters
osazones
oscillator strength
osones
osotriazoles
out-scattering
outer-sphere electron transfer
oxa-di-π-methane rearrangement
oxidation
oxidative addition
oxidative coupling
oxime
O
-ethers
oximes
oxo carboxylic acids
oxo compounds
oxoacids
oxocarbons
oxonium ions
oxonium ylides
oxylium ions
ozonides
pentaprismo
-
pro-E, pro-Z
pro-R, pro-S
paddlanes
paraffin
parallel effect
paramagnetic
parametric amplification
parametric processes
parent hydride
Pariser–Parr–Pople method
partial rate factor
Paterno–Büchi reaction
Pauli exclusion principle
pectins
Peierls distortion
penams
penems
penicillins
peptides
pericyclic reaction
peripheral atom
periselectivity
peroxides
peroxy acids
persistent
perspective formula
perturbation theory
pH-rate profile
phase function
phase-transfer catalysis
phenolates
phenols
phenonium ions
phenoxides
phonon
phosphanes
phosphanylidenes
phosphatidic acids
phosphazenes
phosphines
phosphinic acids
phosphinous acids
phospho
phosphoglycerides
phospholipids
phosphonic acids
phosphonitriles
phosphonium compounds
phosphonium ylides
phosphono
phosphonous acids
phosphoramides
phosphoranes
phosphoranyl radicals
phosphorescence
phosphorescence lifetime
photo-Bergman cyclization
photo-Claisen rearrangement
photo-Fries rearrangement
photoacoustic effect
photoacoustic spectroscopy
photoadsorbate
photoadsorption area number
photoadsorption capacity
photoadsorption centre
photoadsorption efficiency
photoadsorption fraction
photoadsorption photonic yield
photoadsorption quantum yield
photoaffinity labelling
photoassisted catalysis
photobiology
photocaged fluorescent molecules
photocarrier
photocatalysis
photocatalyst
photocatalytic active centre
photocatalytic activity
photocatalytic centre
photocatalytic efficiency
photocatalytic oxidation
photochemical aromatic substitution
photochemical funnel
photochemical nitrogen extrusion
photochemical nucleophile-olefin combination - aromatic substitution
photochemical reaction
photochemical reaction path
photochemical smog
photochemistry
photochirogenesis
photochromism
photoconductivity
photocorrosion
photocrosslinking
photocurrent
photocurrent yield
photocyclization
photocycloaddition
photodecarbonylation
photodecarboxylation
photodeconjugation
photodegradation
photodesorption
photodesorption quantum yield
photodetachment
photodynamic effect
photoelectrical effect
photoelectrocatalysis
photoelectrochemical cell
photoelectrochemical etching
photoelectrochemistry
photoelectrode
photoelectron spectroscopy
photoelectrosynthesis
photoenolisation
photoexcitation
photogalvanic cell
photogenerated catalysis
photogenerated charge carrier
photohydration
photoinduced electron transfer
photoinduced polymerization
photoinitiation
photoinitiator
photoionization
photoisomerization
photoluminescence
photolysis
photomineralisation
photon
photon counting
photon echo
photon exitance
photon exposure
photon flow
photon fluence
photon fluence rate
photon flux
photon irradiance
photon number
photon radiance
photonic efficiency
photonic yield
photonic yield spectrum
photooxidation
photooxygenation
photophysical processes
photopolymerization
photoradiation catalysis
photorearrangement
photoreduction
photorefractive effect
photoremovable protecting group
photoresist
photoselection
photosensitised reaction
photosensitization
photostationary state
photostimulated unimolecular radical nucleophilic substitution
photosubstitution
phototautomerisation
photothermal effect
photothermocatalysis
photothermography
photovoltaic cell
phthaleins
phthalides
physical pathway
picrates
piezoluminescence
pinacols
planar chirality
planar intramolecular charge transfer
PLED
plumbylidenes
pnictogen bond
point group
polar driving force
polar effect
polarisation spectroscopy
polarity
polarity
polarizability
polarization
polaron
polycyclic system
polyhedranes
polyketides
polypeptides
polyquinanes
polysaccharides
polysulfanes
polysulfides
polytopal rearrangement
population inversion
porphyrins
potential of mean force
potential-energy profile
potential-energy surface
pre-association
pre-equilibrium
pre-reactive complexes
precursor complex
predissociation
prenols
primary isotope effect
primary photochemical process
primary photoproduct
primary structure
primitive change
principal group
principle of least nuclear motion
principle of microscopic reversibility
prochirality
prochirality centre
product development control
product-determining step
projection formula
propellanes
prostaglandins
prostanoids
proteins
protium
protofugality
protogenic
protolysis
proton affinity
proton transfer reaction
protonation
protophilic
protophilicity
pseudo acids
pseudo bases
pseudo-asymmetric carbon atom
pseudo-catalysis
pseudohalogens
pseudopericyclic
pseudorotation
pump-dump-probe technique
pump-probe technique
purine bases
push-pull conjugation
pyramidal inversion
pyranoses
pyrimidine bases
pyro
pyrromethenes
π – π* state
π → π* transition
π-electron donor
quadro
-
Q-switched laser
quantitative structure–activity relationships
quantitative structure–property relationship
quantum
quantum counter
quantum efficiency
quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics
quantum yield
quartet state
quartz–iodine lamp
quasi-enantiomers
quasi-racemic compound
quaternary ammonium compounds
quaternary structure
quencher
quenching
quinarenes
quinhydrones
quinomethanes
quinone diazides
quinones
quinonimines
quinonoximes
R
,
S
r
,
s
Re
,
Si
racemate
racemic
racemic compound
racemic conglomerate
racemic mixture
racemization
radiance
radiant dose
radiant energy
radiant exitance
radiant exposure
radiant intensity
radiant power
radiation adsorption
radiation catalysis
radiation catalyst
radiation desorption
radiation sensitisation
radiation sensitiser
radiation thermal catalysis
radiation trapping
radiation-activation
radiation-chemical yield
radiation-generated catalysis
radiation-induced adsorption
radiation-stimulated diffusion
radiationless deactivation
radiationless transition
radiative energy transfer
radiative lifetime
radiative transfer equation
radiative transition
radical
radical centre
radical ion
radical pair
radical photosubstitution
radioluminescence
radiolysis
rate law
rate of generation
rate of reaction
rate of surface recombination
rate-controlling step
rate-determining step
reacting bond rules
reaction coordinate
reaction path
reaction stage
reaction step
reactive
reactivity index
reactivity–selectivity principle
rearrangement stage
recombination centre
recombination of photocarriers
red shift
reduction
reductive elimination
reductones
reference atom
reflectance
regioselectivity
regular surface
regular surface site
Rehm–Weller equation
Reissert compounds
relative configuration
relative hardness
relative photonic efficiency
relativistic effects
relaxation
Renner–Teller effect
reorganization energy
replacement name
replacement operation
residual emission anisotropy
resolution
resonance
resonance absorption technique
resonance energy
resonance fluorescence
resonance fluorescence technique
resonance form
resonance hybrid
resonance lamp
resonance line
resonance radiation
retinoids
retro
rhodamine dyes
ribbon delocalisation
ribonucleic acids
ribonucleotides
ring assembly
ring reversal
ring-sector
Ritchie equation
rotamer
rotational barrier
rotational correlation time
rotational relaxation time
rotatory power
rotaxanes
rotenoids
rovibronic state
ruby laser
Rydberg orbital
Rydberg state
Rydberg transition
sym
-
syn
s-
cis
, s-
trans
saccharides
sacrificial acceptor
sacrificial donor
sandwich compounds
saturation transfer
sawhorse projection
Saytzeff rule
scaling factor
scattering albedo
scavenger
Schenck reaction
Schenck-sensitization mechanism
Schiff bases
scintillators
seco-
secondary isotope effect
secondary structure
secular equation
selection rule
selectively labelled
selectivity factor
selenenic acids
selenides
seleninic acids
selenocyanates
selenols
selenones
selenonic acids
selenoxides
self-absorption
self-assembly
self-localized excitations
self-quenching
selones
semi-empirical quantum mechanical methods
semicarbazones
semioxamazones
semiquinones
semisystematic name
seniority
sesquiterpenoids
sesterterpenoids
shallow trap
shielding
shift reagent
sigmatropic rearrangement
silanes
silanols
silasesquiazanes
silasesquioxanes
silasesquithianes
silathianes
silazanes
silicones
siloxanes
silyl groups
silyl radicals
silylene
simultaneous pair transitions
single-electron transfer mechanism
single-photon timing
single-step reaction
singlet molecular oxygen
singlet state
singlet-singlet energy transfer
singlet-triplet energy transfer
singlet–triplet crossing
singly labelled
skeletal formula
Slater determinant
Slater-type orbital
solar conversion efficiency
solid state lasers
soliton
Solonitsyn effect
solvation
solvation energy
solvatochromic relationship
solvatochromism
solvatomers
solvent isotope effect
solvent parameter
solvent shift
solvent-induced symmetry breaking
solvolysis
solvophobicity parameter
SOMO
sonication
sonoluminescence
sonophotocatalytic reactor
space charge region
space formula
special salt effect
specific absorption coefficient
specific catalysis
specific napierian attenuance coefficient
specific napierian scattering coefficient
specific photoadsorption number
specifically labelled
spectator mechanism
spectral effectiveness
spectral fluence
spectral fluence rate
spectral irradiance
spectral overlap
spectral photon exitance
spectral photon flow
spectral photon flux
spectral photon irradiance
spectral photon radiance
spectral photonic yield
spectral quantum yield
spectral radiance
spectral radiant energy
spectral radiant exitance
spectral radiant flux
spectral radiant intensity
spectral radiant power
spectral responsivity
spectral sensitivity
spectral sensitization
spherical radiance
spherical radiant exposure
spin conservation rule
spin contamination
spin crossover
spin density
spin label
spin polarization
spin projection
spin trapping
spin-allowed electronic transition
spin-flip method
spin-orbit splitting
spin-statistical factor
spin–orbit coupling
spin–spin coupling
spiro compounds
spiro union
spontaneous emission
stable
staggered conformation
stannoxanes
stannylidenes
Stark effect
stationary state
steady state
stepwise reaction
stereochemical formula
stereochemical non-rigidity
stereoconvergence
stereodescriptor
stereoelectronic
stereoelectronic control
stereogenic center
stereogenic unit
stereoheterotopic
stereoisomerism
stereoisomers
stereomutation
stereoselective synthesis
stereoselectivity
stereospecificity
steric effect
steric hindrance
steric isotope effect
steric-approach control
Stern–Volmer kinetic relationships
steroids
sterols
stibanes
stibanylidenes
stibines
stibonium compounds
stimulated emission
Stokes shift
stopped flow
strain
strain energy
structural stability
styphnates
subjacent orbital
substituent atom
substitution reaction
substitutive name
substrate
subtractive name
successor complex
sudden polarization
sugars
sulfamic acids
sulfanes
sulfatides
sulfenamides
sulfenes
sulfenic acids
sulfenium ions
sulfenyl groups
sulfenyl radicals
sulfenylium ions
sulfides
sulfimides
sulfinamides
sulfinamidines
sulfinic acids
sulfinic anhydrides
sulfinylamines
sulfolipids
sulfonamides
sulfonamidines
sulfonediimines
sulfones
sulfonic acids
sulfonic anhydrides
sulfonium compounds
sulfonphthaleins
sulfonylamines
sulfoxides
sulfoximides
sulfur diimides
sultams
sultims
sultines
sultones
superacid
superexchange interaction
superjacent orbital
superposability
superradiance
supramolecular chemistry
supramolecule
surface crossing
surface recombination
surface-active site
Swain–Lupton equation
Swain–Scott equation
sydnone imines
sydnones
symbiosis
synchronization
synchronous
systematic name
π → σ* transition
σ → σ* transition
σ, π
tetrahedro
-
triangulo
-
triprismo
-
Taft equation
tautomerism
tautomerization
tautomers
tele-substitution
tellurides
tellurones
telomerization
termination
terpenes
terpenoids
tertiary structure
tetracyclines
tetrahedral intermediate
tetrapyrroles
tetraterpenoids
thermal bleaching
thermal lensing
thermochromism
thermodynamic control
thermodynamic isotope effect
thermoluminescence
thermolysis
thermophotocatalysis
thio
thioacetals
thioaldehyde
S
-oxides
thioaldehydes
thioanhydrides
thiocarboxylic acids
thiocyanates
thioethers
thiohemiacetals
thioketone
S
-oxides
thioketones
thiolates
thiols
through-bond electron transfer
through-conjugation
through-space electron transfer
TICT emission
TICT state
time-correlated single photon counting
time-dependent density functional theory
time-resolved microwave conductivity
time-resolved spectroscopy
topomerization
torquoselectivity
torsion angle
torsional stereoisomers
transannular strain
transferability
transformation
transient species
transient spectroscopy
transient-stimulated emission pumping
transition coordinate
transition moment
transition polarization
transition state
transition state analogue
transition structure
transmittance
trapping
triazanes
triazenes
triboluminescence
trimethylenemethanes
trioxides
triplet state
triplet-triplet annihilation
triplet-triplet energy transfer
triplet-triplet transitions
triterpenoids
tritium
trivial name
tropilidenes
tropolones
tropones
tropyl radicals
tropylium ions
tub conformation
tungsten-halogen lamp
tunnelling
turnover number
twisted intramolecular charge transfer
two-photon excitation
two-photon photochromism
two-photon process
ultraviolet
ultraviolet dose
ultraviolet stabilizer
umpolung
uniaxial sample
unimolecular
unreactive
unstable
upconversion
ureides
urethanes
uronic acids
uronium salts
ρ
-value
V centres
valence
valence band
valence isomer
valence tautomerization
van der Waals forces
verdazyl radicals
vibrational redistribution
vibrational relaxation
vibronic coupling
vibronic transition
vinyl carbenes
vinylic cations
vinylic groups
vinylidenes
viologens
visible
volatile organic chemical/compounds
volume of activation
VUV
Walden inversion
wavelength
wavenumber
wedge projection
Weller correlation
wolfram lamp
Wood horn
Wood lamp
xanthene dyes
xanthic acids
xanthophylls
xenon lamp
Yang photocyclization
ylides
ynamines
ynols
Yukawa–Tsuno equation
Z
-value
$\pu{\rm{Z}_{50}}$
Zeeman effect
zero differential overlap approximation
zero field splitting
zero-point energy
zero–zero absorption or emission
zig-zag projection
Zucker–Hammett hypothesis
zwitterions