Alphabetical Index

Additional Indexes

Physical Constants Units of Measure Physical Quantities SI Prefixes Ring Index General Formulae Exact Formulae Source Documents Terms by IUPAC Division Terms by Organization

Version 5.0.0 (14588 Terms)

DOI: 10.1351/goldbook

Jan Kaiser - Content Editor
Stuart J. Chalk - Technical Editor
Joint Subcommittee
on the IUPAC Gold Book

Terms (727) sourced from: 10.1351/PAC-REC-08-07-09

"Glossary of terms used in ecotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2009)", Nordberg, M.;Templeton, D.M.;Andersen, O.;Duffus, J.H., Pure And Applied Chemistry 2009, 81(5), 829

Association Française de Normalisation test absorbate absorbent abundance abundant element accessible acclimatisation in biology acid precipitation acid-volatile sulfide acute acute-to-chronic toxicity ratio additive effect additive index adenylate energy charge adsorption factor age class age composition age distribution age-specific death rate aggregation error air pollution tolerance index in plant ecotoxicology alga algal bloom algicide algistatic allogenic succession ambient ambient monitoring anadromous anadromy analysis plan in ecological risk assessment anthropogenic antisymmetry in population biology arcsine square root transformation artificial soil test artisol test aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase as low as reasonably achievable assemblage assessment endpoint in ecological risk assessment asymptotic threshold concentration atmospheric deposition aufwuchs autogenic succession autotroph autotrophic succession axenic culture

Bayesian Bayesian probability Brillouin index baseline toxicity behavioural teratology behavioural toxicology beneficial metal benefit benthic bioaccessible bioaccumulation bioaccumulation factor bioactivation bioavailable biocenosis biocide bioconcentration bioconcentration factor biodiversity biodiversity action plan biogeochemical cycle biological determinant biological indicator biomagnification biomagnification factor biomarker of effect biomarker of exposure biomarker of susceptibility biome biomodification biomonitor biomonitoring type 1 biomonitoring type 2 biomonitoring type 3 biomonitoring type 4 biopesticide bioremediation biota-sediment accumulation factor biotic index biotic ligand biotic ligand model biotic score biotope bioturbation biphasic dose–effect model birth rate boomerang effect borderline metal ions bottom-up ecotoxicological study broodstock

Chapman mechanism calcinosis calcium sink carrying capacity catadromous catadromy catagenesis cetaceans chemical time bomb chloride cell chlorinity chlorofluorocarbon chlorosis chronic effect cladistics cladogram climax community cold condensation theory cometabolism community community conditioning hypothesis community resilience community resistance community stability community structure compartment competitive exclusion complimentary niches concentration–response curve conceptual model in ecological risk assessment conceptual model diagram in ecological risk assessment conceptual site model condition in ecology condition factor condition index conservation biology conservation ecology contaminant continuous effect control cooxidation copepod corrosive cost-effectiveness analysis cost–benefit analysis cough in fish critical body residue critical life-stage testing cross-resistance culture cumulative dose cumulative exposure

Daphnia dead-end metabolite death in population ecology death in biology death rate dechlorinated water decomposer defoliant demographic stochasticity demography density dependence in population biology deposit feeder depuration derived characteristic deterministic in toxicology deterministic analysis deterministic model detritus detrivorous developmental reference dose developmental stability diatom diffuse source dilution paradigm dilution water direct ecological effect direct toxicity directional asymmetry discharge discrimination ratio dispersant dissolved organic carbon dissolved organic matter dissolved oxygen content disturbance in ecology diversity index dose–effect dose–effect curve dose–effect relationship dose–response curve dose–response relationship drainage basin dynamic energy budget theory dynamic stability hypothesis dynamically fragile community dynamically robust community

Euler–Lotka equation ecological character ecological energetics ecological epidemiology ecological imbalance ecological mortality ecological parameter ecology ecophysiology ecoregion ecosystem ecotone ecotoxicologically relevant concentration edaphic eddy motion edge effect effect time effects assessment elasticity elutriate elutriate test emergent properties emission standard endemic endemism endotherm endpoint of toxicity endpoint assessment environmental assessment environmental availability environmental bioavailability environmental epidemiology environmental fate environmental impact assessment environmental impact statement environmental quality objective environmental quality standard environmental risk analysis environmental risk assessment environmental security environmental transformation environmental transport enzootic epibenthic epifauna episodic epizootic equilibrium equilibrium partitioning equilibrium partitioning approach essential nutrient estuarine estuary etiologic agent eutrophic eutrophication eutrophy evolution in biology exchange diffusion expected life span experimental ecosystem exploitation competition exponential growth exposure assessment exposure characterisation in ecological risk assessment exposure pathway exposure profile in ecology exposure scenario extinction probability extrapolation extrapolation factor

Freundlich adsorption isotherm facilitated diffusion fate feasibility study fecundity selection fertilisation effect fertiliser final acute value final chronic value finding of no significant impact finite rate of increase fish acute toxicity syndromes fitness advantage fitness cost flow-through system flow-through test fluctuating asymmetry fluid feeder food chain food-mass feeder fossil free ion activity model fulvic acid functional redundancy functional response fundamental niche

Gaia hypothesis gametic selection gastrointestinal excretion general adaptation syndrome genetic adaptation genetic drift genetic hitchhiking genetic risk genus geographic information system global distillation global fractionation global warming good laboratory practice principles graded effect grasshopper effect greenhouse gases growth growth dilution guild in ecology

Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium Hutchinsonian niche habitat hard water hardness harm hazard assessment hazard evaluation hazard identification hazard index hazard quotient hazardous concentration heavy metal heterotherm heterotroph heterotrophic succession heterozygote advantage homeostasis hormesis humic substances hybrid hypoxemia hypoxic

incipient LC₅₀ incremental unit risk estimate independent joint action index of biological integrity indicator species indigenous indirect ecological effect indirect photolysis indirect toxicity individual individual effective dose industrial ecology industrial melanism inertia of a community infauna initiating event integrated risk information system interference competition interspecies competition interspecific competition interspecific interaction interstitial water intraspecific competition intrinsic rate of growth intrinsic rate of increase isobole approach isotopic discrimination iteroparous species

Kamofsky’s law k-strategy keystone habitat keystone species

Leslie matrix Liebig's law of the minimum Litchfield method Litchfield–Wilcoxon method Lorax incongruity lx life table or schedule lxmx life table larva law of frequence leach leachate lentic lentic water lethal lethal body burden lethal time lethality life cycle life history life table in actuarial science life-cycle study life-table response experiment limit value limited life-span paradigm limnocorrals limnology linear free energy relationship lipid-based bioconcentration factor littoral littoral enclosures loading log-normal transformation logistic curve logistic growth logit transformation in toxicology loss of life expectancy lotic lotic mesocosms lotic water lowest effective dose lowest-observed-effect concentration

MacArthur–Wilson model Malthusian theory Mendelism Microtox® test Montreal protocol macrocosm macronutrient macrophyte male-mediated toxicity mass balance equation maturity index maulstick incongruity maximum acceptable toxicant concentration in ecology maximum likelihood estimation mean absorption time mean generation time measurement endpoint in ecological risk assessment median effective time median inhibitory time median time to death median tolerance limit meiofauna meiotic drive melanic forms melanism mesocosm meta-analysis metallothionein-like proteins metameter metapopulation method of multiple working hypotheses microcosm microevolution microphyte mineral minimal time to effect or response minimum significant difference minimum viable population mixing zone model error monitoring test morphodynamics mortality most-sensitive-species approach moving average method multiple heterosis mutualism

"no action" alternative to remediation of the site National Academy of Sciences paradigm of risk assessment natural radiation background natural selection nekton neo-Darwinism neophyte net reproductive rate niche in ecology niche preemption niche width nine aspects of disease association no-observed-effect concentration in aquatic toxicology no-response level nonstochastic health effects nontarget organisms normal equivalent deviation normit not in my backyard principle numerical response

Oklo natural reactors octanol-air partition coefficient octanol-water partition coefficient octaves in environmental science oligotrophic oligotrophy optimal stress response optimal-foraging theory ozone layer

Pielou’s J Ptolemaic incongruity pH-partition hypothesis palaeontology paradigm partial kill pathway pedosphere pelagic per capita birth rate per capita death rate per capita rate of increase periphyton persistent inorganic pollutant persistent organic pollutant phenology photo-induced toxicity photoperiod phylogenetics phylogeny phylum physiological adaptation phytochelatin phytoplankton phytotoxic pinnipeds piscivorous planktivorous plankton planktotrophic larva poikilotherm point source pollutant pollution tolerance index pollution-induced community tolerance polygenic control population population biomass population cycle population density population dynamics population ecology population fluctuation population growth rate population pyramid population size porous pot test precautionary principle predicted environmental concentration predicted no-effect concentration predictive risk assessment prevalence prevalence rate primary lamellae primary producer primary succession principle of allocation probit probit log transform problem formulation in ecological risk assessment product-limit method proliferation propagule propagule rain pyrogenic

quality criteria quality guidelines quality standards quantal effect quantitative structure–metabolism relationship quotient method

r-strategy rain-out rarefaction estimate of richness rate constant-based model rate ratio in epidemiology rate-of-living theory of aging realised niche reasonable maximum exposure reasonable worst case receiving water recommended limit reconstituted water redundancy hypothesis reference environment reference sediment reference site reference toxicant reference toxicity test region in geography relative risk remedial investigation remedial investigation and feasibility study remediation remote sensing reproductive value rescue effect resilience of a community retention effect retrospective risk assessment ring test riparian risk analysis risk characterisation risk hypotheses in ecological risk assessment risk quotient risk reduction risk source rivet popper hypothesis rules of practical causal inference run-off in ecology

Selyean stress Shannon–Wiener diversity index Shelford’s law of tolerance Simpson’s diversity index Spearman–Karber method Sturm test safe concentration salinity salt tolerance index saprobic saprobic index saprobic water classification saprobien spectrum satellite groups scope for growth scope of activity screening level screening test secondary lamellae secondary poisoning secondary substrate metabolism secondary succession selection components semelparous species semi-continuous activated sludge test sentinel species seston sexual selection silt simulated field studies soil solvent drag somatic death somatic risk sorbate sorption constant source term species assemblage species differences in sensitivity species diversity species evenness species imbalance species richness species sensitivity distribution species-specific sensitivity species–area relationship species–deletion stability specific action concept spiked bioassay approach spillover hypothesis stable age distribution stable population standard in general standard in regulation static-renewal test static-toxicity test stratification stratified sampling stress in biology stress proteins stress theory of aging stress-protein fingerprinting stressor structural diversity structure–metabolism relationship stygobiont stygophile subcooled subcooled liquid vapour pressure succession supercooled surrogate organism surrogate toxicant surveillance survival time survivorship survivorship curve susceptibility suspension feeder syngenetic systematics

taxocene taxonomy teratogenic terrestrial threshold theory threshold-effect concentration tiered testing time-independent test tolerance index top-down ecotoxicological study total organic carbon toxic toxic unit toxicity curve toxicity equivalency factor toxicity equivalent toxicity identification and evaluation toxicity value trace nutrient trade-off in population ecology trigger values trophic trophic cascade trophic dilution trophic level trophic structure trophic transfer trophic transfer factor turbidity of water twin-tracer technique type A organism in relation to sediment type B organism in relation to sediment

uncertainty factor upstream water uptake rate constant

viability selection vital rates vulnerability in toxicology

Wahlund effect Weibull model Weismannism waldsterben waste-water weakest-link incongruity weight composition weight of evidence wet deposition wetland whole sediment whole-effluent toxicity

zooplankton