Helmholtz energy

synonym: Helmholtz energy function
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02772
Internal energy minus the product of thermodynamic temperature and entropy. It was formerly called free energy.
Source:
Green Book, 2nd ed., p. 48 [Terms] [Book]
Citation: 'Helmholtz energy' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02772 RIS BibTex EndNote
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