reference state

of an element
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05233
The state in which the element is @S05900@ at a chosen standard-state pressure and for a given temperature.
Source:
PAC, 1982, 54, 1239. (Notation for states and processes, significance of the word standard in chemical thermodynamics, and remarks on commonly tabulated forms of thermodynamic functions) on page 1249 [Terms] [Paper]
Citation: 'reference state' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 3rd ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2006. Online version 3.0.1, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.R05233 RIS BibTex EndNote
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Last revised: February 24, 2014