chemical state

of an atom, in electron spectroscopy
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09317
State of an atom arising from its chemical interaction with neighbouring atoms in a molecule, compound, solid, liquid, or gas that leads to a characteristic energy or feature observable in electron spectroscopy.
Source:
PAC, 2020, 92, 1781. (Glossary of methods and terms used in surface chemical analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2020)) on page 1822 [Terms] [Paper]
Citation: 'chemical state' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09317 RIS BibTex EndNote
Div. VTextXMLJSON