X-ray diffraction analysis

synonym: X-ray diffraction (XRD)
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.08771
Measurement method using diffraction of X-radiation to obtain the spatial arrangement of atoms in a crystalline sample.
Notes:
  1. Bragg reflection follows \(n\lambda = 2 d \sin \theta\), where \(\lambda\) is the X-ray wavelength, \(d\) is the spacing between atomic planes, and \(\theta\) is the angle of diffraction.
  2. Copper \(\rm{K}\upalpha_1\) radiation (\(\lambda = \pu{0.15406 nm}\), \(E = \pu{8.04 keV}\)) is typically used for routine XRD.
Source:
PAC, 2021, 93, 69. (Vocabulary of radioanalytical methods (IUPAC Recommendations 2020)) on page 106 [Terms] [Paper]
Citation: 'X-ray diffraction analysis' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.08771 RIS BibTex EndNote
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