{"term":{"id":"07097","title":"scaling factor","longtitle":"IUPAC Gold Book - scaling factor","doi":"10.1351\/goldbook.ST07097","code":"ST07097","status":"current","definitions":[{"id":1,"text":"A variational parameter used as a multiplier of each nuclear Cartesian and electronic coordinate chosen to minimize the variational integral and to make a trial variation function to satisfy the virial theorem. In practical calculations, the numeral factor to scale computed values, e.g. vibrational frequencies, to those found in experiments.","sources":["PAC, 1999, 71, 1919. 'Glossary of terms used in theoretical organic chemistry' on page 1961 (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1351\/pac199971101919)"]}],"altoutputs":{"html":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/ST07097\/html","xml":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/ST07097\/xml","plain":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/ST07097\/plain"},"citation":"Citation: 'scaling factor' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351\/goldbook.ST07097","license":"The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/) for individual terms.","collection":"If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org .","disclaimer":"The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using.","accessed":"2026-05-06T21:28:41+00:00"}}