{"term":{"id":"06229","title":"synergism","longtitle":"IUPAC Gold Book - synergism","doi":"10.1351\/goldbook.S06229","code":"S06229","status":"current","definitions":[{"id":1,"text":"Pharmacological or toxicological interaction in which the combined biological effect of two or more substances is greater than expected on the basis of the simple summation of the toxicity of each of the individual substances.","contexts":[],"links":[{"term":"toxicity","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/T06414"}],"sources":["PAC, 1993, 65, 2003. 'Glossary for chemists of terms used in toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 1993)' on page 2103 (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1351\/pac199365092003)"]}],"altoutputs":{"html":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/S06229\/html","xml":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/S06229\/xml","plain":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/S06229\/plain"},"citation":"Citation: 'synergism' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351\/goldbook.S06229","license":"The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/) for individual terms.","collection":"If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org .","disclaimer":"The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using.","accessed":"2026-06-07T09:28:13+00:00"}}