04111 IUPAC Gold Book - net electric charge 10.1351/goldbook.N04111 N04111 current 1 The algebraic sum of the charges present at the surface of the particle divided by the elementary charge of the proton. The symbol \(z\) is also used for charge number of an ion. charge number https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/C00993 elementary charge https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/E02032 proton https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/P04906 PAC, 1994, 66, 891. 'Quantities and units for electrophoresis in the clinical laboratory (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 895 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466040891) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/N04111/html https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/N04111/json https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/N04111/plain Citation: 'net electric charge' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351/goldbook.N04111 The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) for individual terms. If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org . The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using. 2026-04-27T16:01:13+00:00