https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.L03516
The time required for the luminescence intensity to decay from some initial value to \(\frac{1}{\rm{e}}\) of that value (\(\rm{e} = 2.718\,...\)). Lifetimes can be measured by 'phase fluorimetry' (phosphorimetry) where the phase shift between the sinusoidally modulated exciting light and the emitted light is measured.