Fischer–Rosanoff convention (Rosanoff convention)

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02392
An arbitrary convention according to which (+)-glyceraldehyde, now known to be (R)-2,3-dihydroxypropanal, was named d-glyceraldehyde (with the enantiomer l-glyceraldehyde and its racemate dl-glyceraldehyde) and taken to have the absolute configuration represented by the Fischer projection formula shown in the diagram.
F02392.png
The atom numbered 1 according to normal nomenclature rules is conventionally placed at the top of the main chain, which is drawn vertically and other groups are drawn on either side of that main chain. The convention is still in use for α-amino acids and for sugars.
Source:
PAC, 1996, 68, 2193. 'Basic terminology of stereochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)' on page 2208 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122193)