{"term":{"id":"01034","title":"chemical reaction equation","longtitle":"IUPAC Gold Book - chemical reaction equation","doi":"10.1351\/goldbook.C01034","code":"C01034","status":"current","definitions":[{"id":1,"text":"Symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where the reactant entities are given on the left hand side and the product entities on the right hand side. The coefficients next to the symbols and formulae of entities are the absolute values of the stoichiometric numbers. Different symbols are used to connect the reactants and products with the following meanings: \\(=\\) for a stoichiometric relation; \\(\\rightarrow\\) for a net forward reaction; \\(\\leftrightarrows\\) for a reaction in both directions; \\(\\rightleftharpoons\\) for equilibrium.","links":[{"term":"stoichiometric","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/S06021"}],"sources":["Green Book, 2nd ed., p. 45 (https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/files\/pdf\/green_book_2ed.pdf)"]}],"altoutputs":{"html":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/C01034\/html","xml":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/C01034\/xml","plain":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/C01034\/plain"},"citation":"Citation: 'chemical reaction equation' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351\/goldbook.C01034","license":"The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/) for individual terms.","collection":"If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org .","disclaimer":"The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using.","accessed":"2026-07-21T18:21:48+00:00"}}