risk marker

synonym: risk indicator
https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.16065
Attribute that is associated with an increased probability of occurrence of a disease or other specified outcome and that can be used as an indicator of this increased risk.
Note: A risk marker is not necessarily a causal factor.
Source:
PAC, 2007, 79, 1153. (Glossary of terms used in toxicology, 2nd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)) on page 1304 [Terms] [Paper]