{"term":{"id":"14759","title":"indirect toxicity","longtitle":"IUPAC Gold Book - indirect toxicity","doi":"10.1351\/goldbook.14759","code":"14759","status":"current","definitions":[{"id":1,"text":"Adverse effects that result from agent(s) acting on and producing changes in the chemical, physical, and (or) biological environment external to the organisms under study (e.g., decrease in food for predatory species due to direct toxicity from a chemical to prey may produce adverse effects in the predator species due to starvation rather than inducing any direct chemical toxicity in predator organisms).","sources":["PAC, 2009, 81, 829. 'Glossary of terms used in ecotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2009)' on page 900 (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1351\/PAC-REC-08-07-09)"]}],"altoutputs":{"html":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/14759\/html","xml":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/14759\/xml","plain":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/14759\/plain"},"citation":"Citation: 'indirect toxicity' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351\/goldbook.14759","license":"The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/) for individual terms.","collection":"If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org .","disclaimer":"The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using.","accessed":"2026-04-20T16:46:26+00:00"}}