https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.14153
Assay in which there is no requirement to modify one of the interacting components in order to facilitate signal detection.
Note: Used to monitor macromolecule/macromolecule or small-molecule/macromolecule binding, as well as cell adhesion or cell signaling.
Examples: Assays in which calorimetry, mass spectrometry, or nuclear magnetic resonance provides the signal.