pituitary

synonyms: hypophysis, pituitary gland

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.11094

Small endocrine gland sitting in a bony cavity (the sella turcica) at the base of the brain and connected to the hypothalamus.

Note: The pituitary is structurally and functionally divided into anterior and posterior lobes. The anterior lobe secretes growth hormone (somatotropin), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocortocotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The posterior lobe develops from the hypothalamus and secretes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (also called arginine vasopressin (AVP)). An intermediate lobe (indistinct in humans) secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH).

Source:
PAC, 2016, 88, 713. 'Glossary of terms used in developmental and reproductive toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)' on page 792 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-1202)