Severe form of anemia in a fetus or newborn infant caused by incompatibility with the mother’s blood type, typically when the mother is rhesus factor negative (Rh -ve) and produces antibodies which attack (Rh +ve) fetal blood through the placenta.
Source: PAC, 2016, 88, 713. 'Glossary of terms used in developmental and reproductive toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)' on page 763 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-1202)