10451 IUPAC Gold Book - axial skeleton 10.1351/goldbook.10451 10451 current 1 Bones of the body axis, including the skull, spinal column, ribs and sternum. appendicular skeleton https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10421 spinal column https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/11249 PAC, 2016, 88, 713. 'Glossary of terms used in developmental and reproductive toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)' on page 729 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-1202) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10451/html https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10451/json https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10451/plain Citation: 'axial skeleton' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351/goldbook.10451 The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) for individual terms. If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org . The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using. 2026-04-17T21:08:54+00:00