10129 IUPAC Gold Book - hierarchical clustering 10.1351/goldbook.10129 10129 current 1 Pattern recognition in which objects are linked together by use of an appropriate measure of distance between pairs of objects, and a linkage criterion, which specifies the dissimilarity of sets as a function of the pairwise distances between objects. Distance measures include Euclidean distance, Mahalanobis distance and city-block distance. Linkage criteria include single linkage, complete linkage. Euclidean distance https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10124 Mahalanobis distance https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10134 Ward’s minimum variance method https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10148 city-block distance https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10120 complete linkage https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10121 single linkage https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10142 PAC, 2016, 88, 407. 'Vocabulary of concepts and terms in chemometrics (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)' on page 429 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0605) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10129/html https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10129/json https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10129/plain Citation: 'hierarchical clustering' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351/goldbook.10129 The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) for individual terms. If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org . The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using. 2026-07-26T09:21:54+00:00