https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.10102
Projection of objects defined in a multivariate space onto two- or three-dimensional space so that the distances between objects are preserved as well as possible.
Notes:
- An often applied criterion for the mapping error (\(E\)) is the relative squared error between the true distance \(d_{ij}\) and mapped distance \(\delta_{ij}\).
- Several iterative optimization procedures can be applied to minimize \(E\), such as steepest descent.