10095 IUPAC Gold Book - latent variable 10.1351/goldbook.10095 10095 current synonyms: hidden variable, latent construct 1 Variable that is inferred through a mathematical model from other variables that are observed. The factors obtain from common factor analysis are termed latent variables. A distinction can be made between ‘hidden variable’, which is considered to be an actual variable that is buried in the effects of other variables and noise, and a ‘latent variable’ that is entirely hypothetical. common factor analysis https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10089 noise https://goldbook.iupac.org//terms/view/10041 PAC, 2016, 88, 407. 'Vocabulary of concepts and terms in chemometrics (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)' on page 420 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0605) https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10095/html https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10095/json https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/10095/plain Citation: 'latent variable' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351/goldbook.10095 The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) for individual terms. If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org . The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using. 2026-04-18T20:46:49+00:00