{"term":{"id":"10047","title":"data matrix","longtitle":"IUPAC Gold Book - data matrix","doi":"10.1351\/goldbook.10047","code":"10047","status":"current","definitions":[{"id":1,"text":"Measurement results on a system arranged in a \\(m \\times n\\) matrix, with \\(m\\) objects and \\(n\\) variables.","notes":{"1":"By convention a matrix is arranged with \\(m\\) rows and \\(n\\) columns.","2":"Objects are also called \"samples\", but confusion with physical \"test samples\" in analytical chemistry should be avoided.","3":"Variables are also called features, or explanatory variables.","4":"For multi-way data the data is arranged in a hypercube of \\(m \\times n_{1} \\times n_{2} \\times\\) …, where \\(n_{1}\\), \\(n_{2}\\) … are the kinds of explanatory variable."},"links":[{"term":"explanatory variables","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/10051"},{"term":"multi-way data","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/10056"}],"sources":["PAC, 2016, 88, 407. 'Vocabulary of concepts and terms in chemometrics (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)' on page 409 (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/pac-2015-0605)"]}],"altoutputs":{"html":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/10047\/html","xml":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/10047\/xml","plain":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/10047\/plain"},"citation":"Citation: 'data matrix' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351\/goldbook.10047","license":"The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/) for individual terms.","collection":"If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org .","disclaimer":"The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using.","accessed":"2026-05-09T14:34:39+00:00"}}