doping (p- and n-type)

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09476
Process that increases the thermal-equilibrium concentration of free charge carriers in a material to augment its electrical conductivity using chemical agents or additives (i.e. dopants).
Note: Typical dopants to organic polymers (compounds) are:
  1. Oxidants, giving positively charged (p-doped) polymers that act as hole conductors;
  2. Reductants, giving negatively charged (n-doped) polymers that mostly act as electron conductors;
  3. Strong Brønsted acids, which are indispensable dopants to polymers such as polyaniline.
Source:
PAC, 2020, 92, 1861. (Terminology of polymers in advanced lithography (IUPAC Recommendations 2020)) on page 1872 [Terms] [Paper]
Citation: 'doping (p- and n-type)' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09476 RIS BibTex EndNote
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