Maintenance at a fixed potential, usually near neutrality, of the surface of a non-conducting or poorly conducting sample material under bombardment by primary particles or photons.
Note: Charge neutralization can be accomplished by bombarding the surface with electrons or, more rarely, ions or photons.
Source:
PAC, 2020, 92, 1781. 'Glossary of methods and terms used in surface chemical analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2020)' on page 1800 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0404)