hydrodynamic voltammetry

https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.09138
Voltammetry with forced flow of the solution towards the electrode surface.
Notes:
  1. Mass transport of a redox species enhanced by convection in this way results in a greater electric current. Convective mass transfer occurs up to the diffusion-limiting layer, within which the mass transfer is controlled by diffusion. Electroactive substance depletion outside the diffusion layer is annulled by convective mass transfer, which results in steady-state sigmoidal wave-shaped current-potential curves.
  2. A linear potential scan, at sufficiently slow scan rates so as to ensure a steady state response, is usually applied.
  3. The forced flow can be accomplished by movement either of the solution (solution stirring, or channel flow), or of the electrode (electrode rotation or vibration).
Examples:
  1. Voltammetry at a rotating disc electrode (RDE): the limiting current is described by the Levich equation.
  2. Measurement in flowing systems with electrochemical detection (ED) (high performance liquid chromatography - ED, capillary zone electrophoresis - ED, flow injection analysis - ED).
Source:
PAC, 2020, 92, 641. 'Terminology of Electrochemical Methods of Analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)' on page 673 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0109)