{"term":{"id":"08781","title":"charge carrier recombination","longtitle":"IUPAC Gold Book - charge carrier recombination","doi":"10.1351\/goldbook.08781","code":"08781","status":"current","synonym":"<em>synonym<\/em>: charge recombination","definitions":[{"id":1,"text":"Process whereby an electron in the conduction band (in LUMO level) loses its excess energy and re-occupies the energy state of a hole in the valence band (in HOMO level).","notes":{"1":"In a thermally equilibrated material, generation and recombination of charge carriers are balanced yielding an equilibrium charge carrier concentration that is predictable from Fermi-Dirac statistics.","2":"Based on the mechanism of the charge carrier recombination we distinguish: Auger recombination, geminate recombination, radiative charge carrier recombination, stimulated radiative charge carrier recombination, band-to-band recombination and localized-level-assisted (trap-assisted) recombination that dominate in organic semiconductors. See also doping."},"links":[{"term":"charge carrier concentration","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/08776"},{"term":"charge carriers","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/08775"},{"term":"radiative charge carrier recombination","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/08864"},{"term":"stimulated radiative charge carrier recombination","url":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/\/terms\/view\/08876"}],"sources":["PAC, 2022, 94, 15. 'Glossary of terms relating to electronic, photonic and magnetic properties of polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2021)' on page 18 (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/pac-2020-0501)"]}],"altoutputs":{"html":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/08781\/html","xml":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/08781\/xml","plain":"https:\/\/goldbook.iupac.org\/terms\/view\/08781\/plain"},"citation":"Citation: 'charge carrier recombination' in IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2025. Online version 5.0.0, 2025. 10.1351\/goldbook.08781","license":"The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/) for individual terms.","collection":"If you are interested in licensing the Gold Book for commercial use, please contact the IUPAC Executive Director at executivedirector@iupac.org .","disclaimer":"The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is continuously reviewing and, where needed, updating terms in the Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the IUPAC Gold Book). Users of these terms are encouraged to include the version of a term with its use and to check regularly for updates to term definitions that you are using.","accessed":"2026-06-20T07:36:03+00:00"}}