IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. Sections A, B, C, D, E, F and H

The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) for individual terms. 2026-04-27T13:40:01+00:00 IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. Sections A, B, C, D, E, F and H https://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/ https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0001 Corrections to 'A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds' https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199971071327 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0002 IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847557889 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0003 IUPAC Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry https://goldbook.iupac.org/files/pdf/green_book_2ed.pdf https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0004 Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature https://media.iupac.org/publications/analytical_compendium/ https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0005 IUPAC Compendium of Macromolecular Nomenclature http://old.iupac.org/publications/books/author/metanomski.html https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0006 Brief guide to the nomenclature of inorganic chemistry https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-0718 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0007 Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents https://iupac.qmul.ac.uk/bibliog/white.html https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0008 Quantities and Units - Part 0: General Principles, Units and Symbols https://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=3621 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0009 Quantities and Units - Part 1: Space and Time https://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=3623 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0010 Quantities and Units - Part 2: Periodic and Related Phenomena https://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=3626 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0011 Quantities and Units - Part 5: Electricity and Magnetism https://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=3635 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0012 Quantities and Units - Part 10: Nuclear Reactions and Ionizing Radiations https://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=3650 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0013 Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, Appendix II: Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197231040577 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0014 Extended chain crystals of linear high polymers https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197231010049 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0015 Méthodes nouvelles d'accès électrochimique et de calcule numérique relatives aux constantes de stabilité des polycomplexes https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197231040503 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0016 Nomenclature of Inorganic Boron Compounds https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197230030681 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0017 Electrochemical nomenclature https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197437040499 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0018 Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units - Appendix II. Definitions, Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry. Part II: Heterogeneous Catalysis https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197646010071 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0019 Nomenclature and Conventions for Reporting Mössbauer Spectroscopic Data https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197645030211 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0020 Nomenclature and Spectral Presentation in Electron Spectroscopy Resulting from Excitation by Photons https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197645030221 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0021 Definition and Symbolism of Molecular Force Constants https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197850111707 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0022 Recommendations for Symbolism and Nomenclature for Mass Spectroscopy https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197850010065 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0023 Terminology and Symbols in Colloid and Surface Chemistry Part 1.13. Definitions, Terminology and Symbols for Rheological Properties https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197951051213 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0024 Separation and Preconcentration of Trace Substances. I-Preconcentration for Inorganic Trace Analysis https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197951051195 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0025 General aspects of trace analytical methods—IV. Recommendations for nomenclature, standard procedures and reporting of experimental data for surface analysis techniques https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197951112243 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0026 Quantities and Units in Clinical Chemistry https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197951122451 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0027 Nomenclature, Symbols, Units and their Usage in Spectrochemical Analysis—IV X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198052112541 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0028 Electrode Reaction Orders, Transfer Coefficients and Rate Constants. Amplification of Definitions and Recommendations for Publication of Parameters https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198052010233 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0029 Symbolism and Terminology in Chemical Kinetics https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198153030753 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0030 Nomenclature of inorganic chemistry: II.1 - Isotopically modified compounds https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198153101887 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0031 Nomenclature for transport phenomena in electrolytic systems https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198153101827 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0032 Assignment and Presentation of Uncertainties of the Numerical Results of Thermodynamic Measurements https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198153091805 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0033 Glossary of terms used in nuclear analytical chemistry (Provisional) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198254081533 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0034 Recommendations on use of the term amplification reactions https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198254122553 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0035 Nomenclature of Tocopherols and Related Compounds https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198254081507 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0036 Notation for states and processes, significance of the word standard in chemical thermodynamics, and remarks on commonly tabulated forms of thermodynamic functions https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198254061239 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0037 The structure and intramolecular mobility of macromolecules in solution as studied by polarized luminescence https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198254020533 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0038 Nomenclature, symbols and units recommended for in situ microanalysis (Provisional) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198355122023 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0039 Recommendations for the usage of selective, selectivity and related terms in analytical chemistry https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198855030553 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0040 Interphases in systems of conducting phases (Provisional) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198355081251 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0041 Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198355081281 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0042 Definitions, terminology and symbols in colloid and surface chemistry. Part 1.14: Light scattering (Provisional) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198355060931 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0043 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-Part VI: molecular luminescence spectroscopy https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198456020231 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0044 Nomenclature and Symbolism for Amino Acids and Peptides https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198456050595 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0045 Physicochemical quantities and units in clinical chemistry with special emphasis on activities and activity coefficients (Recommendations 1983) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198456050567 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0046 Treatment of variable valence in organic nomenclature (lambda convention) (Recommendations 1983) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198456060769 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0047 Recommended terms, symbols, and definitions for electroanalytical chemistry (Recommendations 1985) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557101491 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0048 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis - V: Radiation sources (Recommendations 1985) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557101453 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0049 Definition of pH scales, standard reference values, measurement of pH and related terminology (Recommendations 1984) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557030531 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0050 Names, symbols, definitions and units of quantities in optical spectroscopy (Recommendations 1984) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557010105 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0051 Nomenclature for thermal analysis - IV (Recommendations 1985) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557111737 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0052 Review of plasma deposition applications: preparation of optical waveguides https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557091299 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0053 Source-based nomenclature for copolymers (Recommendations 1985) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557101427 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0054 Interphases in systems of conducting phases (Recommendations 1985) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198658030437 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0055 Quantities and units in clinical chemistry: Nebulizer and flame properties in flame emission and absorption spectrometry (Recommendations 1986) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198658121737 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0056 Recommendations for the presentation of thermodynamic and related data in biology (Recommendations 1985) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198658101405 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0057 Reporting data on adsorption from solution at the solid/solution interface (Recommendations 1986) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198658070967 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0058 The absolute electrode potential: an explanatory note (Recommendations 1986) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198658070955 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0059 Nomenclature of tetrapyrroles (Recommendations 1986) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198759060779 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0060 Nomenclature of prenols (Recommendations 1986) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198759050683 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0061 Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (Recommendations 1988) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198860071055 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0062 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis - VII. Molecular absorption spectroscopy, ultraviolet and visible (UV/VIS) (Recommendations 1988) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198860091449 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0063 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-X. Preparation of materials for analytical atomic spectroscopy and other related techniques (Recommendations 1988) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198860091461 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0064 Nomenclature of glycoproteins, glycopeptides and peptidoglycans (Recommendations 1985) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198860091389 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0065 Names for hydrogen atoms, ions, and groups, and for reactions involving them (Recommendations 1988) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198860071115 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0066 Lariat ethers: from cation complexation to supramolecular assemblies https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198860040461 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0067 Nomenclature for automated and mechanised analysis (Recommendations 1989) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961091657 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0068 Electrochemical corrosion nomenclature (Recommendations 1988) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961010019 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0069 System for symbolic representation of reaction mechanisms (Recommendations 1988) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961010023 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0070 Nomenclature of steroids (Recommendations 1989) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961101783 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0071 Recommendation for EPR/ESR nomenclature and conventions for presenting experimental data in publications (Recommendations 1989) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961122195 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0072 Glossary of atmospheric chemistry terms (Recommendations 1990) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199062112167 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0073 Nomenclature for sampling in analytical chemistry (Recommendations 1990) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199062061193 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0074 Free energies of cation-molecule complex formation and cation-solvent transfers https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199062010017 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0075 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis - VIII. Nomenclature system for X-ray spectroscopy (Recommendations 1991) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163050735 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0076 Recommendations for nomenclature and symbolism for mass spectroscopy (including an appendix of terms used in vacuum technology). (Recommendations 1991) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163101541 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0077 Manual on catalyst characterization (Recommendations 1991) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163091227 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0078 Nomenclature, symbols, definitions and measurements for electrified interfaces in aqueous dispersions of solids (Recommendations 1991) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163060895 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0079 Proposals for the description and measurement of carry-over effects in clinical chemistry (Recommendations 1991) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163020301 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0080 Terminology in semiconductor electrochemistry and photoelectrochemical energy conversion (Recommendations 1991) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199163040569 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0081 Glossary for chemists of terms used in biotechnology (IUPAC Recommendations 1992) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199264010143 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0082 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis - XIII. Terms related to chemical vapour generation (IUPAC Recommendations 1992) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199264020261 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0083 Quantities and units for metabolic processes as a function of time (IUPAC Recommendations 1992) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199264101569 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0084 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis - XII. Terms related to electrothermal atomization (IUPAC Recommendations 1992) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199264020253 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0085 Revised nomenclature for radicals, ions, radical ions and related species (IUPAC Recommendations 1993) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365061357 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0086 Nomenclature for chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365040819 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0087 Glossary for chemists of terms used in toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 1993) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365092003 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0088 Nomenclature of kinetic methods of analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 1993) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365102291 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0089 Nomenclature for supercritical fluid chromatography and extraction (IUPAC Recommendations 1993) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365112397 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0090 Nomenclature for liquid-liquid distribution (solvent extraction) (IUPAC Recommendations 1993) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365112373 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0091 Nomenclature and terminology for analytical pyrolysis (IUPAC Recommendations 1993) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199365112405 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0092 Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0093 Definitions of terms relating to phase transitions of the solid state (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466030577 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0094 Quantities and units for centrifugation in the clinical laboratory (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466040897 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0095 Recommendations for nomenclature of ionselective electrodes (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466122527 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0096 Nomenclature for radioanalytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466122513 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0097 Glossary of bioanalytical nomenclature - Part 1: General terminology, body fluids, enzymology, immunology (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466122587 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0098 Thin films including layers: terminology in relation to their preparation and characterization (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466081667 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0099 Nomenclature for the presentation of results of chemical analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466030595 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0100 Standard quantities in chemical thermodynamics. Fugacities, activities and equilibrium constants for pure and mixed phases (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466030533 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0101 Nomenclature of thermometric and enthalpimetric methods in chemical analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466122487 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0102 Quantities and units for electrophoresis in the clinical laboratory (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466040891 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0103 Biochemical engineering in biotechnology (Technical Report) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466010117 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0104 Classification and definition of analytical methods based on flowing media (IUPAC Recommendations 1994) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466122493 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0105 Glossary of class names of organic compounds and reactivity intermediates based on structure (IUPAC Recommendations 1995) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567081307 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0106 Recommended terminology for the description of carbon as a solid (IUPAC Recommendations 1995) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567030473 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0107 Nomenclature in evaluation of analytical methods including detection and quantification capabilities (IUPAC Recommendations 1995) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567101699 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0108 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-XI. Detection of radiation (IUPAC Recommendations 1995) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567101745 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0109 Nomenclature, symbols, units, and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-XV. Laser-based molecular spectroscopy for chemical analysis - laser fundamentals (IUPAC Recommendations 1995) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567111913 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0110 Nomenclature, symbols, units and their usage in spectrochemical analysis-IX. Instrumentation for the spectral dispersion and isolation of optical radiation (IUPAC Recommendations 1995) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567101725 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0111 Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences-I. Syntax and semantic rules (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1995) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567081563 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0112 Use of immunoassays for the analysis of pesticides and some other organics in water samples (Technical Report) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199567081533 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0113 Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122223 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0114 Glossary of basic terms in polymer science (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122287 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0115 Basic terminology of stereochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122193 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0116 A glossary of terms used in chemical kinetics, including reaction dynamics (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668010149 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0117 Glossary of terms in quantities and units in Clinical Chemistry (IUPAC-IFCC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668040957 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0118 Nomenclature for non-linear chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668081591 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0119 Functional dyes from nature: Potentials for technical applications https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668071361 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0120 Terminology for membranes and membrane processes (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668071479 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0121 Definitions of terms relating to degradation, aging, and related chemical transformations of polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122313 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0122 A new approach to enhancing the efficiency and specificity of interaction in duplexes by the use of tandem structure https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668061321 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0123 Pesticides report 36. Glossary of terms relating to pesticides (IUPAC Recommendations 1996) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668051167 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0124 Glossary of terms used in bioinorganic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1997) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199769061251 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0125 Glossary of terms used in computational drug design (IUPAC Recommendations 1997) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199769051137 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0126 Classification and characterization of stationary phases for liquid chromatography: Part I. Descriptive terminology (IUPAC Recommendations 1997) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199769071475 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0127 Analytical chiral separation methods (IUPAC Recommendations 1997) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199769071469 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0128 Reference value standards and primary standards for pH measurements in D2O and aqueousorganic solvent mixtures: New accessions and assessments (Technical Report) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199769051007 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0129 Glossary of terms used in medicinal chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1998) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199870051129 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0130 Glossary of terms used in theoretical organic chemistry https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199971101919 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0131 Definitions of Terms for Diffusion in the Solid State https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199971071307 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0132 Terminology for compounds in the Si-Al-O-N system https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199971091765 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0133 Risk assessment for occupational exposure to chemicals. A review of current methodology (IUPAC Technical Report) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200173060993 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0134 NMR nomenclature. Nuclear spin properties and conventions for chemical shifts(IUPAC Recommendations 2001) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200173111795 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0135 Definitions of basic terms relating to polymer liquid crystals (IUPAC Recommendations 2001) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200274030493 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0136 Measurement of pH. Definition, standards, and procedures (IUPAC Recommendations 2002) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200274112169 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0137 Definitions of terms relating to reactions of polymers and to functional polymeric materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2003) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200476040889 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0138 Definition of terms related to polymer blends, composites, and multiphase polymeric materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2004) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200476111985 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0139 Glossary of terms used in toxicokinetics (IUPAC Recommendations 2003) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200476051033 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0140 Terminology for analytical capillary electromigration techniques (IUPAC Recommendations 2003) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200476020443 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0141 Terminology of polymers containing ionizable or ionic groups and of polymers containing ions (IUPAC Recommendations 2006) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200678112067 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0142 Glossary of terms used in photochemistry, 3rd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2006) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200779030293 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0143 Definitions of terms relating to the structure and processing of sols, gels, networks, and inorganic-organic hybrid materials (IUPAC Recommendations 2007) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200779101801 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0144 Glossary of terms related to solubility (IUPAC Recommendations 2008) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200880020233 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0145 Further conventions for NMR shielding and chemical shifts (IUPAC Recommendations 2008) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200880010059 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0146 International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM) https://www.iso.org/standard/45321.html https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0147 The 1986 CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.092.010 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0148 Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.633 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0149 Toward a Comprehensive Definition of Oxidation State https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-0505 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0150 Comprehensive definition of oxidation state https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-1204 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0151 Physical Chemistry Division, unpublished https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0152 SI Brochure: Le Système international d’unités (SI) https://www.bipm.org/fr/publications/si-brochure/ https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0153 Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry https://iupac.org/what-we-do/books/greenbook/ https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0154 Definition of the mole https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-0106 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0155 SI Brochure: The International System of Units (SI) https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure/ https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0156 The CODATA 2017 values of h, e, k, and NA for the revision of the SI https://doi.org/10.1088/1681-7575/aa950a https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0157 International Lighting Vocabulary https://cie.co.at/publications/international-lighting-vocabulary https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0158 Vocabulary of concepts and terms in chemometrics (IUPAC Recommendations 2016) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0605 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0159 Terminology of bioanalytical methods (IUPAC Recommendations 2018) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2016-1120 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0160 Metrological and quality concepts in analytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2021) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0819 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0162 Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2021) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-1010 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0163 Glossary of methods and terms used in analytical spectroscopy (IUPAC Recommendations 2019) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0203 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0164 Vocabulary of radioanalytical methods (IUPAC Recommendations 2020) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0302 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0165 Glossary of terms relating to electronic, photonic and magnetic properties of polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2021) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2020-0501 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0166 Terminology for chain polymerization (IUPAC Recommendations 2021) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2020-1211 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0167 Structure-based nomenclature for irregular linear, star, comb, and brush polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2020) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2020-0103 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0168 Henry’s law constants (IUPAC Recommendations 2021) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2020-0302 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0169 Terminology and the naming of conjugates based on polymers or other substrates (IUPAC Recommendations 2021) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2020-0502 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0170 Definition of materials chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2024) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-0215 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0171 Definition of the pnictogen bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2023) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2020-1002 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0172 Glossary of terms for mass and volume in analytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2024) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-0903 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0173 Structure-based nomenclature for cyclic organic macromolecules (IUPAC Recommendations 2008) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200880020201 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0174 Glossary of terms related to kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanisms of polymerization (IUPAC Recommendations 2008) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200880102163 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0175 Terminology of Electrochemical Methods of Analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2019) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0109 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0177 Glossary of methods and terms used in surface chemical analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2020) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0404 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0178 Terminology of polymers in advanced lithography (IUPAC Recommendations 2020) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-1215 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0179 Definitions and notations relating to tactic polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2020) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0409 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0180 Nomenclature and terminology for linear lactic acid-based polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2019) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-1007 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0181 Nomenclature and terminology for dendrimers with regular dendrons and for hyperbranched polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2017) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2016-1217 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0182 Definition of the chalcogen bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2019) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0713 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0183 Terminology of separation methods (IUPAC Recommendations 2017) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-0111 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0184 Nomenclature of flavonoids (IUPAC Recommendations 2017) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-0919 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0185 Vocabulary on nominal property, examination, and related concepts for clinical laboratory sciences (IFCC-IUPAC Recommendations 2017) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2011-0613 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0186 Glossary of terms used in extraction (IUPAC Recommendations 2016) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0903 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0188 Glossary of terms used in developmental and reproductive toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2016) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-1202 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0189 Glossary of terms used in computational drug design, part II (IUPAC Recommendations 2015) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2012-1204 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0190 Source-based nomenclature for single-strand homopolymers and copolymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2016) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0702 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0191 IUPAC Glossary of terms used in neurotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2015) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0103 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0192 Definitions of terms relating to individual macromolecules, macromolecular assemblies, polymer solutions, and amorphous bulk polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2014) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-0201 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0193 Definition of the transfer coefficient in electrochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2014) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-5025 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0194 ICTAC nomenclature of thermal analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2014) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2012-0609 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0195 Definitions of terms relating to mass spectrometry (IUPAC Recommendations 2013) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-06-04-06 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0196 Glossary of terms used in medicinal chemistry. Part II (IUPAC Recommendations 2013) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-12-11-23 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0197 Glossary of terms relating to thermal and thermomechanical properties of polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2013) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-12-03-02 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0198 Terminology of metal–organic frameworks and coordination polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2013) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-12-11-20 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0199 IUPAC glossary of terms used in immunotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2012) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-11-06-03 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0200 Terminology for aggregation and self-assembly in polymer science (IUPAC Recommendations 2013) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-12-03-12 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0201 Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-10-12-04 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0202 Terminology and nomenclature for macromolecular rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes (IUPAC Recommendations 2012) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-11-10-15 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0203 Glossary of terms used in biomolecular screening (IUPAC Recommendations 2011) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-09-05-03 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0204 Definitions of terms relating to crystalline polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2011) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-10-11-13 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0205 Glossary of class names of polymers based on chemical structure and molecular architecture (IUPAC Recommendations 2009) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-08-01-30 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0206 Terminology for reversible-deactivation radical polymerization previously called "controlled" radical or "living" radical polymerization (IUPAC Recommendations 2010) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-08-04-03 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0207 Dispersity in polymer science (IUPAC Recommendations 2009) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-08-05-02 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0208 Explanatory dictionary of key terms in toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2007) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200779091583 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0209 Glossary of terms used in toxicology, 2nd edition (IUPAC Recommendations 2007) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200779071153 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0210 Nomenclature for rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes (IUPAC Recommendations 2008) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200880092041 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0211 Guidelines for potentiometric measurements in suspensions Part A. The suspension effect (IUPAC Technical Report) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200779010067 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0212 Glossary of Terms Used in Combinatorial Chemistry (Technical Report) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199971122349 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0213 Recommendations for Nomenclature of Mass Spectrometry (Rules 1973) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197437040469 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0214 Glossary of Terms Used in Physical Organic Chemistry (Provisional Recommendation) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197951081725 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0215 Guidelines for potentiometric measurements in suspensions Part B. Guidelines for practical pH measurements in soil suspensions (IUPAC Recommendations 2006) https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200779010081 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0216 Terminology of polymers and polymerization processes in dispersed systems (IUPAC Recommendations 2011) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-10-06-03 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0217 Explanatory dictionary of key terms in toxicology: Part II (IUPAC Recommendations 2010) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-09-03-01 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0218 Glossary of terms used in ecotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2009) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-08-07-09 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0219 Mass and volume in analytical chemistry (IUPAC Technical Report) https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-0410 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0220 Definition of the halogen bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2013) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-12-05-10 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0221 Glossary of terms used in photocatalysis and radiation catalysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2011) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-09-09-36 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0222 Definition of the hydrogen bond (IUPAC Recommendations 2011) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-10-01-02 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0223 Glossary of terms related to pharmaceutics (IUPAC Recommendations 2009) https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-04-10-14 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0224 IUPAC Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry: Recommendations 1990 https://goldbook.iupac.org/sources/view/0236